&lt;title&gt;State of the art and future plans for IR imaging of gaseous fugitive emissions&lt;/title&gt;

Ljungberg, Sven-Åke; Kulp, Thomas J.; McRae, Thomas G.

doi:10.1117/12.271624

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…This forms the basis of a technique whereby lenses and filters on special cameras can reduce the wavelength band to a specific gas that can then be detected. Ljungberg et al (1997) tested a passive gas imaging technique by using a high-resolution infrared system with a detector sensitive to the absorption band of methane. An experiment was set up with field tests on buried pipes designed to simulate gas leakage from sources such as a landfill.…”

Section: Methane Absorption Bandmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They suggested that the TIR method can be used as a quick screening tool to identify escape points and obtain average emission over a large area. Ljungberg et al (1997) conducted some tests based on purposely-buried pipes leaking methane and discussed some of the shortcomings of the thermography method. These include weather dependency, background temperature and the effects of emissivity with variable surfaces.…”

Section: Infrared Thermographymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detection of gas leakage from landfills using infrared thermography - applicability and limitations

Lewis

Yuen²,

Smith

2003

Waste Manag Res

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Although landfill gas emission can be greatly reduced by extraction and converting gas to energy, in practice not all gas can be collected and some leaks can still occur. Management of landfill gas can be improved if leaks can be detected and rectified effectively. This paper provides a brief review of methods available for detecting landfill leakage, with a focus on infrared thermography. It then describes a study which was conducted to test if an infrared camera can be used to detect gas leaks accurately by identifying them as anomalies. It examined the applicability and limitations of the technique by investigating fundamental factors such as weather conditions, ground conditions and distance of sensor from source. The paper also describes a test case conducted to reinforce the findings. It concluded that unless all the fundamental factors are clearly understood and addressed, the technique currently can only be used as a screening tool rather than as a precise tool to detect landfill gas leakages. For this reason, it would be difficult to use the technique as a basis for modelling gas emission from landfills.

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Section: Methane Absorption Bandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Infrared Thermographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of gas leakage from landfills using infrared thermography - applicability and limitations

Lewis

Yuen²,

Smith

2003

Waste Manag Res

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“…Novelty and even the ease with which certain leaks can be detected may be to blame, since early industrial applications of the technology have centered on reducing fugitive emissions or process monitoring 2,3,4 . Fire and gas safety professionals demand instruments with long standing records in the field, where their reliability, claims for ease of maintenance, and performance can be tested throughout the life of the product.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

IR gas imaging in an industrial setting

Naranjo¹,

Baliga²,

Bernascolle³

2010

SPIE Proceedings

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Uncooled thermal cameras using microbolometer focal plane arrays may be used in the long wave infrared (LWIR) for the optical detection of hydrocarbon gas leaks. The strong absorption of hydrocarbon gases in the LWIR may be used to advantage along with the LWIR optical transmission window of the atmosphere. Improvements in the detection algorithm and more robust electronic hardware have produced a gas imager that is well adapted to the detection of large hydrocarbon leaks. The new imaging system relies on a single set of filters to identify a growing list of gases, up to four of them simultaneously. The new detection algorithm reduces the incidence of false alarms by masking portions of the field of view. Because of the camera's long detection range (2 km) and wide field of view, the system is particularly suitable for the supervision of large industrial zones. Results from a field test of leaking gas at a refinery and natural gas processing facility are presented.

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“…Real-time gas imaging is of great interest in many contexts [1,2]. Inspection of leaks from chemical installations, petrochemical plants, tank farms or pipelines has economical, (C) 2000 OSA environmental and security aspects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-time gas-correlation imaging employing thermal background radiation

Sandsten¹,

Weibring²,

Edner³

et al. 2000

Opt. Express

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Real-time imaging of gas leaks was demonstrated using an IR camera employing outdoor thermal background radiation. Ammonia, ethylene and methane detection was demonstrated in the spectral region 7-13 µm. Imaging was accomplished using an optical filter and a gascorrelation cell matching the absorption band of the gas. When two gases, such as ammonia and ethylene, are absorbing in the same wavelength region it is possible to isolate one for display by using gas-correlation multispectral imaging. Results from a field test on a leaking gas tanker are presented as QuickTime movies. A detection limit of 200 ppm meter for ammonia was accomplished in this setup when the temperature difference between the background and the gas was 18 K and the frame rate was 15 Hz. T.G. McRae and T.J. Kulp, "Backscatter absorption gas imaging: a new technique for gas visualization," Appl. Opt. 32, 4037-4050 (1993). 5.J. Sandsten, H. Edner and S. Svanberg, "Gas imaging by infrared gas-correlation spectrometry," Opt. Lett. 21, 1945Lett. 21, -1947Lett. 21, (1996, http://www-atom.fysik.lth.se/JonasSandsten/GasCorrelationImaging.htm. 6.T.V. Ward and H.H. Zwick, "Gas cell correlation spectrometer: GASPEC," Appl. Opt. 14, 2896-2904 (1975). 7.H.S. Lee and H.H. Zwick, "Gas filter correlation instrument for the remote sensing of gas leaks," Rev. Sci. Instr. 56, 1812-1819 (1985). 8.H. Edner, S. Svanberg, L. Unéus and W. Wendt, "Gas-correlation lidar," Opt. Lett. 9, 493-495 (1984). 9. P.S. Andersson, S. Montán and S. Svanberg, "Multi-spectral system for medical fluorescence imaging," IEEE J. Quant. Electr. QE-23, 1798-1805 (1987) Analysis Inc., Anaheim, Ca, 1996. 13. GRAMS/32, Array basic programming language, Galactic Industries Corp.

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<title>State of the art and future plans for IR imaging of gaseous fugitive emissions</title>

Cited by 4 publications

References 2 publications

Detection of gas leakage from landfills using infrared thermography - applicability and limitations

Detection of gas leakage from landfills using infrared thermography - applicability and limitations

IR gas imaging in an industrial setting

Real-time gas-correlation imaging employing thermal background radiation

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