<title>Resonator and beam divergence problem</title>

Abstract

The problem ofthe continuity of knowledge in the field of laser resonators and the beam divergence is considered. Some interesting episodes ofthe laser history are expounded; one gives a grand attention to works ofRussian scientists.

Transverse energy redistribution upon edge diffraction of a paraxial laser beam with optical vortex

“…The beam complex amplitude at the distance z (in units of z R ) behind the screen is determined by the evolution equation 29   …”

“…,29 and p C determines an angle between the CG trajectory and axis z expressed in units of the incident beam self-divergence angle . Matrix provides "global" characterization of the beam transverse pattern by means of the intensity ellipse 19 is given by angle between the minor semi-axis and the x-axis (see 2 nd row, 4 th column ofFig.…”

Propagation of 3D beams using a finite-difference algorithm: practical considerations

“…The simulation of lasers usually involves compromise for the sake of practicality, however. As was observed by Anan'ev, 8 in lasers with large outcoupling, which is usually the case if unstable resonators are used, the beam shape is determined mostly by the gain distribution rather than by diffraction. Precise treatment of aperture diffraction may play a secondary role, whereas the wave-optics treatment of strong aberrations may be quite significant in determining the laser beam quality.…”

High-Power, High-Efficiency Monolithic Edge-Emitting GaAs-Based Lasers with Narrow Spectral Widths

“…The optical modes supported in the FATURL system have longitudinally divergent profiles and their characteristics can be calculated numerically for the ''unloaded'' case (i.e., no temperature, gain, or carrier effects included), based on a diffraction method, following the approach of Fox and Li (1961). Siegman (1986) and Anan'ev (1992) note that diffraction effects of diverging waves at hard-edged mirrors are of strong importance in unstable resonator lasers and this leads to oscillations in the modal losses with N eq . 2.33 as a function of the equivalent Fresnel number N eq , which is itself a function of the device geometry.…”