<title>Microwave Doppler radar and radiometer system for spatial-time-combined observation of targets</title>

Abstract

Combined in space and in time microwave Dopp1erradarradiometer system is described. Dopp1erscatterometerradionieter detector-identifier is developed, for a detection and identification 16 types of anomalies originated on a background of observed surface or medium due to the changes oftheir principal geophysical and biochemical characteristics.

Improved Ground Target Detecting System Based on Both Miniaturized FMCW Radar and Radiometer

“…The fabricated TPR in the initial design had 𝑇 𝑆𝑌𝑆 ′ = 464,618 K and 𝑀𝐷𝑇′ = 734.6 K at 100 MHz using ( 10) and (12). If the TPR had only receiving parts as the conventional radiometer, 𝑇 𝑆𝑌𝑆 would be 6,663 K and MDT would be 10.5 K at 100 MHz using ( 3) and ( 4).…”

“…The fabricated TPR in the proposed hybrid system has 𝑇 𝑆𝑌𝑆 ′ = 30,013 K and 𝑀𝐷𝑇′ = 47.5 K at 700 MHz using (10) and (12). The improvement in the sensitivity of the detector is considered while calculating the 𝑇 𝑆𝑌𝑆 ′ and 𝑀𝐷𝑇′ values.…”

“…Several studies have proposed a hybrid system consisting of both radar and radiometer to improve the performance of the target-detecting system [10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Some studies employed the frequency division method using a duplexer or diplexer in the radio frequency (RF) section [10,11], where the FMCW radar and radiometer share the same antenna.…”

“…However, such systems are too bulky and cannot be mounted on a small shell or projectile. Other approaches involved using a switch for the alternating operation of the FMCW radar and radiometer in the time domain [12,13]. However, the simultaneous operation of both sensors is unfeasible because the radiometer usually requires a much longer integration time (i.e., a few milliseconds) when compared to the radar.…”

“…The proposed system has the advantage of being smaller in size than the designs in [10][11][12][13] and simultaneous operation of the two sensors in contrast to those in [12,13]. Therefore, according to the authors' knowledge, our hybrid sensor is the most compact research sensor based on FMCW and radiometer, making it possible to quickly process the fused target signals.…”