&lt;title&gt;Light-Scattering Characteristics Of Optical Surfaces&lt;/title&gt;

Harvey, James E.

doi:10.1117/12.964594

Cited by 54 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…Similar behaviours have also been noted and predicted by researches in the optics literature [83,193]. The scaling of the viewing angle, sin θ o , simulates the effect of projecting the viewing direction onto the unit disk.…”

Section: Observations From Measured Datasupporting

confidence: 51%

Physically Based Rendering of Synthetic Objects in Real Environments

Kronander¹

2015

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Description of the cover imageRendering of virtual furniture illuminated with spatially varying real world illumination captured in a physical environment at IKEA Communications AB.The virtual scene was modeled by Sören and Per Larsson. Physically based rendering of synthetic objects in real environmentsCopyright © 2015 Joel Kronander (unless otherwise noted) Division of Media and Information TechnologyDepartment of Science and Technology Campus Norrköping, Printed in Sweden by LiU-Tryck, Linköping, 2015 AbstractThis thesis presents methods for photorealistic rendering of virtual objects so that they can be seamlessly composited into images of the real world. To generate predictable and consistent results, we study physically based methods, which simulate how light propagates in a mathematical model of the augmented scene. This computationally challenging problem demands both efficient and accurate simulation of the light transport in the scene, as well as detailed modeling of the geometries, illumination conditions, and material properties. In this thesis, we discuss and formulate the challenges inherent in these steps and present several methods to make the process more efficient.In particular, the material contained in this thesis addresses four closely related areas: HDR imaging, IBL, reflectance modeling, and efficient rendering. The thesis presents a new, statistically motivated algorithm for HDR reconstruction from raw camera data combining demosaicing, denoising, and HDR fusion in a single processing operation. The thesis also presents practical and robust methods for rendering with spatially and temporally varying illumination conditions captured using omnidirectional HDR video. Furthermore, two new parametric BRDF models are proposed for surfaces exhibiting wide angle gloss. Finally, the thesis also presents a physically based light transport algorithm based on Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods that allows approximations to be used in place of exact quantities, while still converging to the exact result. As illustrated in the thesis, the proposed algorithm enables efficient rendering of scenes with glossy transfer and heterogenous participating media.v Populärvetenskaplig SammanfattningEn av de största utmaningarna inom datorgrafik är att syntetisera, eller rendera, fotorealistiska bilder. Fotorealistisk rendering används idag inom många tillämpningsområden såsom specialeffekter i film, datorspel, produktvisualisering och virtuell verklighet. I många praktiska tillämpningar av fotorealistisk rendering är det viktigt att kunna placera in virtuella objekt i fotografier, så att de virtuella objekten ser verkliga ut. IKEA-katalogen, till exempel, produceras i många olika versioner för att passa olika länder och regioner. Grunden till de flesta bilderna i katalogen är oftast densamma, men symboler och standardmått på möbler varierar ofta för olika versioner av katalogen. Istället för att fotografera varje version separat kan man använda ett grundfotografi och lägga in olika virtuella objekt såsom möbler...

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Section: Observations From Measured Datasupporting

confidence: 51%

Physically Based Rendering of Synthetic Objects in Real Environments

Kronander¹

2015

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“…However, most of their studies have focused on surfaces whose PSD function is a 1-D Gaussian function. [9][10][11][12][13][14][16][17][18][19] But it is known that wellpolished optical surfaces have a fractal structure for which the surface PSD function follows an inverse power law [27][28][29][30] behavior.…”

Section: Surfaces With An Inverse Power Law Psdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical validation of the generalized Harvey–Shack surface scatter theory

Choi

Harvey²

2013

Opt. Eng

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Abstract. The generalized Harvey-Shack (GHS) surface scatter theory is numerically compared to the classical small perturbation method, the Kirchhoff approximation method, and the rigorous method of moments for one-dimensional ideally conducting surfaces whose surface power spectral density function is Gaussian or exhibits an inverse power law (fractal) behavior. In spite of its simple analytic form, our numerical comparison shows that the new GHS theory is valid (with reasonable accuracy) over a broader range of surface parameter space than either of the two classical surface scatter theories. IntroductionSurface scatter phenomena is an important issue in diverse areas of science and engineering. Predicting the scattered light distribution from a randomly rough surface has been investigated by numerous researchers over the past century. Elfouhaily and Guerin conducted an exhaustive survey in 2004, including 260 references.1 Many approximate scattering methods were reviewed and it is claimed that each method has advantages for specific applications under certain situations. However, the most widely used methods to predict surface scatter phenomena are the small perturbation method (SPM) and the Kirchhoff approximation (KA) method that were established over 40 years ago as the classical Rayleigh-Rice surface scatter theory 2 and the Beckmann-Kirchhoff surface scatter theory, 3 respectively. The SPM has an explicit smooth surface approximation, but it is accurate for large incident and scattered angles. The KA method is valid for rougher surfaces but exhibits a paraxial limitation imposed by a tangential plane approximation. These two approximate theories are thus complementary, but not all-inclusive, i.e., neither of them, nor the combination of them, adequately describes scattered light behavior for moderately rough surfaces at large incident and/or scattered angles.Recently, Krywonos et al. described a linear systems formulation of surface scatter theory, 4 based upon a nonparaxial scalar diffraction analysis. 5,6 This generalized Harvey-Shack (GHS) surface scatter theory provides insight and understanding not readily gleaned from the two previous theories, and Ref. 4 claims that it provides accurate results for moderately rough surfaces at arbitrary incident and scattered angles. The purpose of the current paper is to provide a rigorous validation of the GHS surface scatter theory and to quantitatively compare its performance to that of the classical Rayleigh-Rice and Beckmann-Kirchhoff theories over the entire domain of relevant surface parameters.The growing memory capacity and increasing speed of computers has resulted in recent advances in numerical

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“…The Harvey-Shack BSDF model [1] is commonly used to describe the near-specular scatter produced by a "smooth" optical surface, i.e., a surface whose rms roughness σ rms is much less than the wavelength of the incident light. Fortunately this is a reasonable assumption for virtually all visible and IR telescopes.…”

Section: Surface Microroughness Scattermentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of narrow-angle forward surface scatter and particulate scatter in exoplanet exploration

Pfisterer¹,

Harvey²,

Breckinridge

2018

Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2018: Optical, Infrared, and Millimeter Wave

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It is often thought that because of the very small solid angle subtended by the field-of-view of the coronagraph, scattered light from optical surfaces will have no effect on images recorded for terrestrial exoplanet spectroscopy. In this paper, we examine mirror surface scatter and particulate contamination scatter as sources of background light or noise signal in large aperture terrestrial exoplanet telescope/coronagraph systems. Scattered light control to one part in 10 +10 or better is required for exoplanet exploration. We will discuss the optical fabrication tolerances necessary to minimize narrowangle forward scatter and their relative effects upon direct imaging coronagraph instruments used to characterize terrestrial exoplanets.

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<title>Light-Scattering Characteristics Of Optical Surfaces</title>

Cited by 54 publications

References 21 publications

Physically Based Rendering of Synthetic Objects in Real Environments

Physically Based Rendering of Synthetic Objects in Real Environments

Numerical validation of the generalized Harvey–Shack surface scatter theory

The role of narrow-angle forward surface scatter and particulate scatter in exoplanet exploration

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