&lt;title&gt;Hybrid time- and wavelength-division multiplexed fiber Bragg grating sensor array&lt;/title&gt;

Berkoff, Timothy A.; Davis, M. E.; Bellemore, David G.; Kersey, Alan D.; Williams, Glen M.; Putnam, Martin A.

doi:10.1117/12.207684

Cited by 32 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Time division multiplexed (TDM) FBG systems were the focus of some early research [8][9][10] , but have received little recent attention and have not seen commercial uptake until now.…”

Section: The Advantages Of Time Division Multiplexingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A high-performance miniaturized time division multiplexed sensor system for remote structural health monitoring

Lloyd

Everall²,

Sugden³

et al. 2004

SPIE Proceedings

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We report for the first time the design, implementation and commercial application of a hand-held optical time division multiplexed, distributed fibre Bragg grating sensor system. A unique combination of state-of-the art electronic and optical components enables system miniaturization whilst maintaining exceptional performance. Supporting more than 100 low-cost sensors per channel, the battery-powered system operates remotely via a wireless GSM link, making it ideal for real-time structural health monitoring in harsh environments.Driven by highly configurable timing electronics, an off-the-shelf telecommunications semiconductor optical amplifier performs combined amplification and gating. This novel optical configuration boasts a spatial resolution of less than 20cm and an optical signal to noise ratio of better than 30dB, yet utilizes sensors with reflectivity of only a few percent and does not require RF speed signal processing devices. This paper highlights the performance and cost advantages of a system that utilizes TDM-style mass manufactured commodity FBGs. Created in continual lengths, these sensors reduce stock inventory, eradicate application-specific array design and simplify system installation and expansion.System analysis from commercial installations in oil exploration, wind energy and vibration measurement will be presented, with results showing kilohertz interrogation speed and microstrain resolution.

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“…Time division multiplexed (TDM) FBG systems were the focus of some early research [8][9][10] , but have received little recent attention and have not seen commercial uptake until now.…”

Section: The Advantages Of Time Division Multiplexingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A high-performance miniaturized time division multiplexed sensor system for remote structural health monitoring

Lloyd

Everall²,

Sugden³

et al. 2004

SPIE Proceedings

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“…These methods have been discussed in detail in the literature and include wavelength dependent filters [21], interferometric demodulation [22], tuneable laser configurations, tuneable Fabry-Perot filters [23], [24] and time-domain reflectometry [25], [26]. Following an analysis of the various approaches, a spatial wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) method was employed in the current application for structural health monitoring.…”

Section: A Fbg Multiplexing Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A field deployable, multiplexed Bragg grating sensor system used in an extensive highway bridge monitoring evaluation tests

Gebremichael

Meggitt

et al. 2005

IEEE Sensors J.

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A multiplexed optical fiber Bragg grating sensor system with a measurement bandwidth of up to 200 Hz enabling dynamic loading events, e.g., road traffic, to be observed has been designed, installed, and tested over an 18-month period on a 346-m road bridge in Norway, for design verification and structural integrity monitoring purposes. A network of 32 fiber Bragg sensors was surface bonded along with a corresponding set of resistive strain gauges for comparative tests to be made. The wavelength data were calibrated against two thermally stabilized ( 0.15 pm) reference gratings, which rejected common mode noise and provided absolute wavelength scaling. These data provides independent strain and temperature information. Long-term test results showed good linearity and repeatability of 10 over the test period with a precision of 5 and a resolution of 1 . The readings from the FBG sensors were comparable to those from the foil gauge sensors to within 4 .

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“…Among the different multiplexing techniques of FBG sensors, the wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) technique is one of the most largely used [3]. The maximum number of multiplexed sensors is limited by the width of broadband.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel fiber Bragg grating sensor interrogator based on time division multiplexing technique

et al. 2009

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A novel fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor system for Structure Health Monitoring (SHM) is proposed in this paper. The proposed sensor technique is based on time division multiplexing (TDM). This technique utilizes semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) as a gain medium and switch. The SOA is driven by a pulse generator which switch on the SOA at different periods, as a switch to select the reflected pulses from a particular sensor. The FBG sensors have identical center wavelengths and can be deployed along the same fiber. This technique relieves the spectral bandwidth issue and permits the interrogation of up to 100 FBGs along a fiber. The sensor system has a fast signal process and control unit, which have a typical scan frequency in 50 Hz and self-adaptive measurement for simple sensor array installation.

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<title>Hybrid time- and wavelength-division multiplexed fiber Bragg grating sensor array</title>

Cited by 32 publications

References 5 publications

A high-performance miniaturized time division multiplexed sensor system for remote structural health monitoring

A high-performance miniaturized time division multiplexed sensor system for remote structural health monitoring

A field deployable, multiplexed Bragg grating sensor system used in an extensive highway bridge monitoring evaluation tests

A novel fiber Bragg grating sensor interrogator based on time division multiplexing technique

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