&lt;title&gt;Hollow plastic waveguides for sensor applications&lt;/title&gt;

George, R.; Harrington, James A.

doi:10.1117/12.417414

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 24 publications

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“…The high scan rate, combined with a unique interferometer design, minimizes the effect of noise and vibrations on the collected spectra. Flexible hollow glass waveguides 12,13 were used to simplify the installation of the FT-IR E/T system within the confines of many physical barriers in the test cell. In order to simplify the integration with the test cell, the source and receiving optics were attached to the bottom of available structures that hold P&W video cameras on each side of the plume.…”

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confidence: 99%

<title>Turbine engine exhaust gas measurements using in-situ FT-IR emission/transmission spectroscopy</title>

et al. 2001

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An advanced multiple gas analyzer based on in-situ Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy has been used to successfully measure the exhaust plume composition and temperature of an operating gas turbine engine at a jet engine test stand. The sensor, which was optically coupled to the test cell using novel broadband hollow glass waveguides, performed well in this harsh environment (high acoustical noise and vibration, considerable temperature swings in the ambient with engine operation), providing quantitative gas phase information. Measurements were made through the diameter of the engine's one meter exhaust plume, about 0.7 meters downstream of the engine exit plane. The sensor performed near simultaneous infrared transmission and infrared emission measurements through the centerline of the plume. Automated analysis of the emission and transmission spectra provided the temperature and concentration information needed for engine tuning and control that will ensure optimal engine operation and reduced emissions. As a demonstration of the utility and accuracy of the technique, carbon monoxide, nitric oxide, water, and carbon dioxide were quantified in spite of significant variations in the exhaust gas temperature. At some conditions, unburned fuel, particulates (soot/fuel droplets), methane, ethylene and aldehydes were identified, but not yet quantified.

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confidence: 99%

<title>Turbine engine exhaust gas measurements using in-situ FT-IR emission/transmission spectroscopy</title>

et al. 2001

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Hollow-Core Fibers

Jacobs

Temelkuran

Weisberg

et al. 2007

Specialty Optical Fibers Handbook

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<title>Applications of capillary optical fibers</title>

Romaniuk

2006

SPIE Proceedings

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The paper updates and summarizes contemporary applications of capillary optical fibers. Some of these applications are straight consequence of the classical capillary properties and capillary devices like: rheometry, electrophoresis, column chromatography (gas and liquid). Some new applications are tightly connected with co-propagation (or counterpropagation) of micro-mass together with optical wave -evanescent or of considerable intensity. In the first case, the optical wave is propagated in a narrow (more and more frequently single-mode) optical ring core adjacent to the capillary hole. The optical propagation is purely refractive. In the second case, the intensity maximum of optical wave is on the capillary long axis, i.e. in the center of the hole. The optical propagation is purely photonic, i.e. in a Bragg waveguide (one dimensional photonic band-gap). The capillary hole is filled with vacuum or with propagated matter (gas, liquid, single atoms, continuous particle arrangement). Optical capillaries, filamentary and embedded, are turning to a fundamental component of nano-and micro MOEMS. CLASSICAL CAPILLARY TECHNIQUESA capillary is an arbitrary pipe of small internal diameter. In analytical chemistry and spectroscopy, the capillary is high quality, highly flexible, ultra-pure silica glass pipe of internal dimensions in the range 1-2000µm (typically 2-700µm) covered continuously by polyamide (or other polymer) or metal layer. External diameters of capillaries are in the range 90-3500µm (typically 90-850µm). Capillaries are made of natural fused quartz, synthetic silica or doped silica (by fluorine), borosilicate glasses and only exceptionally (for research purposes) from high silica soft glasses.The world market for technical capillaries is of the order of several hundreds of MЄ [18]. They are sold in spools, cut out pieces with connectors. The advantages of pure silica capillaries in technical applications are the following: they have excellent mechanical strength, are very flexible, while jacketed are very resistant to abrasion and scratching, have very smooth internal and external surface, internal surface is chemically passive and very clean, capillary may be pulled to precisely defined dimensions -internal and external, dimensions are stable and repeatable in function of length, internal surface may be modified, are resistant to breakage (continuity of internal channel), are transparent from deep UV to IR (after local removing of the polymer jacket -opening a transmission window), are extremely resistant to wide range of temperature changes, are resistant to electrical short circuits, can easily be cut and cleaved, are easily covered with big adhesion strength by a number of jacketing materials.The idea of capillary applications is strictly connected with the very beginnings of optical fiber technology. In the early seventies the capillaries were filled with ultra-pure tetra. Low loss optical fibers of liquid core were formed in this way. Such fibers were manufactured in many laboratories all over the wo...

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<title>Hollow plastic waveguides for sensor applications</title>

Cited by 4 publications

References 24 publications

<title>Turbine engine exhaust gas measurements using in-situ FT-IR emission/transmission spectroscopy</title>

<title>Turbine engine exhaust gas measurements using in-situ FT-IR emission/transmission spectroscopy</title>

Hollow-Core Fibers

<title>Applications of capillary optical fibers</title>

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