&lt;title&gt;Airborne and ground-based Fourier transform spectrometers for meteorology: HIS, AERI, and the new AERI-UAV&lt;/title&gt;

Revercomb, Henry E.; Smith, William L.; Best, Fred A.; Giroux, Jean; LaPorte, Daniel D.; Knuteson, Robert O.; Werner, Mark W.; Anderson, J. R.; Ciganovich, Nick N.; Cline, Richard R.; Ellington, Scott D.; Dedecker, R. G.; Dirkx, T. P.; Garcia, Raymond K.; Howell, H. B.

doi:10.1117/12.258890

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…[6] This section provides an introduction to the Scanning-HIS and an overview of its design and calibration approach. The Scanning-HIS is a follow-on of the original University of Wisconsin HIS [Revercomb et al, 1988a[Revercomb et al, , 1988b[Revercomb et al, , 1996 that was flown successfully on the NASA ER2 aircraft from 1986 to 1998. Its design and calibration techniques have matured from experience with the HIS and from the ground based Atmospheric Emitted Radiance Interferometer (AERI) instruments developed for the DOE Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program.…”

Section: Scanning High-resolution Interferometer Sounder (Scanning-his)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiometric and spectral validation of Atmospheric Infrared Sounder observations with the aircraft‐based Scanning High‐Resolution Interferometer Sounder

Tobin¹,

Revercomb²,

Knuteson³

et al. 2006

J. Geophys. Res.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

[1] The ability to accurately validate high-spectral resolution infrared radiance measurements from space using comparisons with a high-altitude aircraft spectrometer has been successfully demonstrated. The demonstration is based on a 21 November 2002 underflight of the AIRS on the NASA Aqua spacecraft by the Scanning-HIS on the NASA ER-2 high-altitude aircraft. A comparison technique which accounts for the different viewing geometries and spectral characteristics of the two sensors is introduced, and accurate comparisons are made for AIRS channels throughout the infrared spectrum. Resulting brightness temperature differences are found to be 0.2 K or less for most channels. Both the AIRS and the Scanning-HIS calibrations are expected to be very accurate (formal 3-sigma estimates are better than 1 K absolute brightness temperature for a wide range of scene temperatures), because high spectral resolution offers inherent advantages for absolute calibration and because they make use of high-emissivity cavity blackbodies as onboard radiometric references. AIRS also has the added advantage of a cold space view, and the Scanning-HIS calibration has recently benefited from the availability of a zenith view from high-altitude flights. Aircraft comparisons of this type provide a mechanism for periodically testing the absolute calibration of spacecraft instruments with instrumentation for which the calibration can be carefully maintained on the ground. This capability is especially valuable for assuring the long-term consistency and accuracy of climate observations, including those from the NASA EOS spacecraft (Terra, Aqua and Aura) and the new complement of NPOESS operational instruments. The validation role for accurately calibrated aircraft spectrometers also includes application to broadband instruments and linking the calibrations of similar instruments on different spacecraft. It is expected that aircraft flights of the Scanning-HIS and its close cousin the NPOESS Airborne Sounder Test Bed (NAST) will be used to check the longterm stability of AIRS and the NPOESS operational follow-on sounder, the Cross-track Infrared Sounder (CrIS), over the life of the missions.

show abstract

Section: Scanning High-resolution Interferometer Sounder (Scanning-his)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiometric and spectral validation of Atmospheric Infrared Sounder observations with the aircraft‐based Scanning High‐Resolution Interferometer Sounder

Tobin¹,

Revercomb²,

Knuteson³

et al. 2006

J. Geophys. Res.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Brightness temperature comparisons of AIRS with SHIS show the AIRS radiometric accuracies to be $0.2 K for most channels [Tobin et al, 2006]. The SHIS design and calibration techniques have developed from experience with the HIS and from the ground based Atmospheric Emitted Radiance Interferometer (AERI) instruments developed for the DOE Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program [Revercomb et al, 1988a[Revercomb et al, , 1988b[Revercomb et al, , 1996. For a description of the calibration approach and algorithms used for AERI, which are similar to SHIS, the reader is referred to Knuteson et al [2004aKnuteson et al [ , 2004b.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer nadir spectral radiance comparisons

Shephard¹,

Worden²,

Cady‐Pereira³

et al. 2008

J. Geophys. Res.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

[1] The fundamental measurement of the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) on board the Aura spacecraft is upwelling infrared spectral radiances. Accurate TES retrievals of surface and atmospheric parameters such as trace gas amounts critically depend on well-calibrated radiance spectra. On-orbit TES nadir observations were evaluated using carefully selected, nearly coincident spectral radiance measurements from Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) on Aqua and special scanning high-resolution interferometer sounder (SHIS) underflights. Modifications to the L1B calibration algorithms for TES version 2 data resulted in significant improvements for the TES-AIRS comparisons. The comparison of TES with SHIS (adjusted for geometric differences) show mean and standard deviation differences of less than 0.3 K at warmer brightness temperatures of 290-295 K. The TES/SHIS differences are less than 0.4 K at brightness temperatures of 265-270 K. There are larger TES/SHIS comparison differences for higher-frequency TES 1A1 filter, which has less upwelling radiance signal. The TES/ AIRS comparisons show mean differences of less than 0.3 K at 290-295 K and less than 0.5 K at 265-270 K with standard deviation less than 0.6 K for the majority of the spectral regions and brightness temperature range. A procedure to warm up the optical bench for better alignment in December 2005 gave a fourfold increase in the signalto-noise ratio at higher frequency ranges. Recent results from a long-term comparison of TES sea surface temperature (SST) observations with the Reynolds optimally interpolated (ROI) SST product demonstrates TES radiometric stability.

show abstract

“…The associated cloud emissivity root-meansquare errors in the 900 cm Ϫ1 spectral channel are less than 0.05, 0.04, and 0.25 for high, middle, and low clouds, respectively. Only a single real observation example of MLEV retrieval has been given in this paper; additional investigations of MLEV performance are planned by the authors that will make use of the National Polar-Orbiting Environmental Satellite System (NPOESS) Airborne Sounder Testbed-Interferometer (NAST-I; Smith et al 2001) and Scanning HIS (S-HIS; Revercomb et al 1996) high-altitude aircraft data together with measurements from the collocated cloud lidar. Further efforts will also be directed toward the application of MLEV-derived emissivity spectra to forward modeling, that is, creating simulated radiances of cloudy fields of view for use in other radiative transfer and remote sensing studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minimum Local Emissivity Variance Retrieval of Cloud Altitude and Effective Spectral Emissivity—Simulation and Initial Verification

Huang

Smith

et al. 2004

Journal of Applied Meteorology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper describes the theory and application of the minimum local emissivity variance (MLEV) technique for simultaneous retrieval of cloud pressure level and effective spectral emissivity from high-spectral-resolution radiances, for the case of single-layer clouds. This technique, which has become feasible only with the recent development of high-spectral-resolution satellite and airborne instruments, is shown to provide reliable cloud spectral emissivity and pressure level under a wide range of atmospheric conditions. The MLEV algorithm uses a physical approach in which the local variances of spectral cloud emissivity are calculated for a number of assumed or first-guess cloud pressure levels. The optimal solution for the single-layer cloud emissivity spectrum is that having the ''minimum local emissivity variance'' among the retrieved emissivity spectra associated with different first-guess cloud pressure levels. This is due to the fact that the absorption, reflection, and scattering processes of clouds exhibit relatively limited localized spectral emissivity structure in the infrared 10-15-m longwave region. In this simulation study it is shown that the MLEV cloud pressure root-mean-square errors for a single level with effective cloud emissivity greater than 0.1 are ϳ30, ϳ10, and ϳ50 hPa, for high (200-300 hPa), middle (500 hPa), and low (850 hPa) clouds, respectively. The associated cloud emissivity root-meansquare errors in the 900 cm Ϫ1 spectral channel are less than 0.05, 0.04, and 0.25 for high, middle, and low clouds, respectively.

show abstract

<title>Airborne and ground-based Fourier transform spectrometers for meteorology: HIS, AERI, and the new AERI-UAV</title>

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Radiometric and spectral validation of Atmospheric Infrared Sounder observations with the aircraft‐based Scanning High‐Resolution Interferometer Sounder

Radiometric and spectral validation of Atmospheric Infrared Sounder observations with the aircraft‐based Scanning High‐Resolution Interferometer Sounder

Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer nadir spectral radiance comparisons

Minimum Local Emissivity Variance Retrieval of Cloud Altitude and Effective Spectral Emissivity—Simulation and Initial Verification

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About