&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"&gt;Does size matter? Fecundity and longevity of spider mites (Tetranychus urticae) in relation to mating and food availability&lt;/span&gt;

Li, Guangyun; Zhang, Zhi‐Qiang

doi:10.11158/saa.23.9.6

Cited by 17 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(53 reference statements)

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“…The sample sizes ranged 31-41 pairs in each treatment. The experimental arenas and setup were the same as in Li and Zhang (2018) and the mites were kept under standard laboratory conditions at 25 ± 2 °C, 70% ± 10% humidity, 16 : 8 h light : dark cycle.…”

Section: General Experimental Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age‐specific mortality and fecundity of a spider mite under diet restriction and delayed mating

Zhang

2021

Insect Science

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Numerous experimental life‐history studies on aging are mainly baised on two classical models—fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster (Meigen) and nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (Maupas)—with relatively little attention given to other organisms with different life‐history characters. Two‐spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) differs from many other arthropods in that the females continue their growth in the early adult stage and can reproduce sexually and asexually. In this study, the influences of dietary restriction and delayed mating on the aging patterns of the spider mite were examined with the prevailing survival and reproduction trade‐off hypothesis of aging being tested. Significant sex‐specific responses of the spider mites were found. The females showed longevity extension on diet restriction (fasting for 2 days in every 4 days) compared with their counterparts being fed ad libitum, and after delayed mating for 9 days, while the males displayed a decrease in lifespan when experiencing diet restriction but were not significantly influenced by delayed mating. Path analysis was used to investigate the relationship between mite survival and reproduction traits, including longevity, female lifetime reproduction, age at first reproduction, early reproductive efforts and late reproductive efforts, yielding no evidence for trade‐offs between these life‐history traits. The additive effects of dietary restriction and delayed mating in lifespan extension of female spider mites were confirmed, proving that diet restriction is a robust anti‐aging intervention, and that later onset of reproduction can prolong adult lifespan in females.

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Section: General Experimental Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age‐specific mortality and fecundity of a spider mite under diet restriction and delayed mating

Zhang

2021

Insect Science

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“…We included both males and females as subjects, aiming to examine the sex difference in aging by exposing them to three treatments of IF with controls fed ad libitum. Our previous study found that bigger females have higher starvation resistance than small males [36]. Therefore, we expected that the effects of IF would be level and sex dependent, and the longevity and reproduction of males and females would differ across the treatments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The sex- and duration-dependent effects of intermittent fasting on lifespan and reproduction of spider mite Tetranychus urticae

Zhang

2019

Front Zool

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Background Intermittent fasting (IF) is receiving increasing attention as an alternative to continuous restriction of calories because of its benefits in aging-related disease prevention and lifespan extension. However, whether both sexes with sexual dimorphism have similar response to IF have rarely been assayed. In this study, we determined how different durations of IF influence lifespan and whether males and females differed in their responses to IF. We also tested whether there is a trade-off between lifespan and lifetime reproduction in females under IF. Method We used spider mite Tetranychus urticae, with female-biased sexual size dimorphism (SSD), as our model species to investigate the survival and lifespan difference of both sexes at different durations of IF regimes, and explore the association between longevity and fecundity in females within and across treatments. Results The lifespan of females increased before intermediate level of IF and then decreased afterwards, but males showed a decreasing trend in lifespan when subjected to IF. Within each treatment, female longevity was positively associated with their fecundity. However, the females fed ad libitum had a higher lifetime fecundity with a shorter lifespan, whereas mites fed 50% IF outlived ad libitum fed ones with lower fecundity because of the later onset of reproduction and lower daily fecundity, showing clear survival and reproduction trade-off when variation of resource availability enhanced across treatments. Conclusion We showed sex-specific response to IF in lifespan, indicating that sexes with SSD have different optimal level of IF. These findings showed trade-off between survival and reproduction between treatments but not within treatments, suggesting that variation in resource availability is the necessary precondition for life history trade-off, and IF extends lifespan of females at the cost of reproductive success.

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“…Guarding spider mite males are mainly attracted (arrested) by pheromones released by T-females [35,36]. Body size can play a role in male-male competition, with larger males usually winning fights over smaller ones [15], and male choice because of a positive correlation between female body size and fecundity [32]. In our experiments, body size differed neither between males nor between T-females from the Y-and G-populations.…”

Section: Proximate Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 48%

“…In the laboratory, both populations were separately kept on detached primary leaves of common bean, Phaseolus vulgaris, resting on water-saturated cotton pads inside Styrofoam trays. Assuming a generation time of about 12 to 15 days [32], the Yand G-populations had been subjected to closed rearing for >120 and >50 generations, respectively, before conducting the experiments. Multi-generational closed rearing and haplodiploidy (arrhenotoky) allowed considering individuals from the same population as kin and from different populations as non-kin.…”

Section: Experimental Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kin-Mediated Male Choice and Alternative Reproductive Tactics in Spider Mites

Schausberger

Sato

2020

Biology

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Optimal outbreeding and kin selection theories state that the degree of kinship is a fundamental determinant in any mating system. However, the role of kinship in male choice and alternative reproductive tactics (ARTs) is poorly known. We assessed the influence of kinship on male choice and expression of ARTs in two populations of two-spotted spider mites Tetranychus urticae. Male spider mites guard premature females, which is an indicator of mate choice, and may conditionally adopt fighting or sneaking tactics to secure access to females. Males competing with kin or non-kin were offered one kin or non-kin female (experiment 1) and single males were presented a choice of kin and non-kin females (experiment 2). Under kin competition, males of both populations were more prone to guard non-kin than kin females at a 3:1 fighter:sneaker ratio. Under non-kin competition, all males were fighters. Under no-choice, males used novelty as indicator of genetic dissimilarity, serving as absolute decision rule for outbreeding. Under choice, comparative evaluation allowed males to preferentially guard females with higher reproductive potential. Overall, our study suggests that male spider mites can assess kinship of rivals and prospective mates. Kin discrimination allows adaptive, context-specific non-random mating preference and adjustment of ARTs.

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<span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Does size matter? Fecundity and longevity of spider mites (Tetranychus urticae) in relation to mating and food availability</span>

Cited by 17 publications

References 51 publications

Age‐specific mortality and fecundity of a spider mite under diet restriction and delayed mating

Age‐specific mortality and fecundity of a spider mite under diet restriction and delayed mating

The sex- and duration-dependent effects of intermittent fasting on lifespan and reproduction of spider mite Tetranychus urticae

Kin-Mediated Male Choice and Alternative Reproductive Tactics in Spider Mites

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