<p>YAP1 Promotes Tumor Invasion and Metastasis in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma with Hepatitis B Virus Infection</p>

Abstract

Introduction: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients with HBsAg (+) commonly present with high frequencies of distant metastasis and poor survival rate; however, the mechanism has not been elucidated. Materials and Methods: We analyzed the yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) expression between HBsAg (+) and HBsAg (-) of NPC patients, then analyzed the relationship of YAP1 with survival. We further explored the anti-tumor role in NPC cell lines using YAP1 siRNA technique, and checked whether YAP1 regulatesepithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The relationship between HBV X protein (HBx) and YAP1 was also tested using Dual-Luciferase reporter assay. Finally, we explored anti-YAP1 to inhibit tumor metastasis using the xenograft mice model. Results: In the current study, we found that YAP1 expression was higher in HBsAg (+) samples than in the HBsAg (-) samples, as a clinical signature, suggesting that YAP1 could be used as a prognostic factor for NPC. Our results showed that the HBx could regulate YAP1, further promoting cellular invasiveness through EMT. Anti-YAP1 can also decrease metastasis in vivo. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that YAP1 is a promising prognostic factor in NPC and could be used as a potential treatment target for NPC with HBV infection.

LncRNA SNHG16 Facilitates Liver Metastases of Colorectal Cancer by Modulating Circulating Tumor Cells (CTCs) Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) via a Positive Feedback Loop with YAP1/TEAD1 Complex

“…Among them, YAP1 was the most signi cant changed in the process of loss-and gain-of-function for SNHG16. According to previous research, YAP1 plays vital roles in the proliferation, invasion, EMT, and metastasis of many cancers [64][65][66][67] . In addition, YAP1 is also implicated in the EMT of mammary epithelial cells 68,69 .…”

LncRNA SNHG16 facilitates the liver metastasis of colorectal cancer by modulating circulating tumor cell epithelial-mesenchymal transition via a positive feedback loop with the YAP1/TEAD1 complex

“…Among them, YAP1 was the most signi cantly changed in the lossand gain-of-function experiments for SNHG16. According to previous research, YAP1 plays vital roles in the proliferation, invasion, EMT, and metastasis of many types of cancers [63][64][65][66] . In addition, YAP1 is implicated in the EMT of mammary epithelial cells 67,68 .…”

Synergistic Association of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen and Plasma Epstein-Barr Virus DNA Load on Distant Metastasis in Patients With Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

“…EBV and HBV proteins influence EMT in different cell types. [28][29][30][31][32] We hypothesized that HBsAg promotes NPC metastasis via an EBV-related metastatic mechanism. This hypothesis was supported by Western blot analysis when HBsAg treatment increased the protein levels of fibronectin and vimentin in EBV-positive NPC cells but not in EBV-negative NPC cells.…”

“…The HBV X protein reportedly triggers EMT in NPC cells by upregulating yes-associated protein 1. 31 Moreover, small HBsAg proteins induce EMT in HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma cells. 32 However, whether HBsAg can influence EMT in NPC cells remains unknown.…”