<p>Utilizing a Minimum of Four Antenatal Care Visits and Associated Factors in Debre Berhan Town, North Shewa, Amhara, Ethiopia, 2020</p>

Abstract

Background: Receiving a minimum of four antenatal care, as per the World Health Organization recommendation, enhances the possibility of utilizing effective maternal health care during antenatal follow-up. Hence, this study aimed to identify the level of a minimum of 4 ANC usage and factors associated with Debre Berhan town. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was employed from February 20 to March 10/2020 among women who gave birth in the last 6 months before the data collection period in Debre Berhan town. Data were collected using face-to-face interviews with the pretested tool by trained data collectors from randomly selected participants. After entering the data into Epi-data software version 3.1, it was further processed using SPSS version 23 statistical package. Both bivariate and multivariable Logistic regressions were fitted to identify the determinants for the utilization of a minimum of 4 antenatal care. A significance level of 0.05 was used to decide the significance of statistical tests. Results: A total of 390 women were interviewed giving a response rate of 99.2%. In this study, 78.5% (95% CI: 74.4-82.6) of women received a minimum of four antenatal care visits. Maternal educational status, initiation of antenatal visit at ≤16 weeks of gestation, and husband support/partner involvement were identified predictors of utilization of minimum 4 antenatal visits. Conclusion and Recommendations: Use of at least four antenatal visits in Debre Berhan town was found to be good. Health promotion programs targeting mothers with no education and lower educational level are important to increase their awareness about the importance of antenatal services. Male partner involvement during care related to pregnancy and promoting early initiation of antenatal care is important to overcome challenges towards a minimum of 4 antenatal visits in Debre Berhan town.

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Under-Five Mortality in Ethiopia: Further Analysis of Ethiopian Mini Demographic and Health Surveys 2019

“…In the last 20years, Ethiopia put forth all available resources to increase ANC and family planning proportions; however, from the current analysis, we found that 'no ANC' and 'no contraceptive' uses were accounted for 47.31% and 59.94% fraction of the participants respectively. Our study had a better ANC than the finding in Northeast Ethiopia (29.3%) in 2016 and 42.8% in Ambo Town in 2014 (25,26); however, it is lower than72.6% in the Gedeo zone and 78.5% in Debre Berhan (27,28). Similarly, contraceptive use was higher than 34.7% in EDHS 2016 (14,29) and lower than that of 60% in South Africa(30).…”

Spatial distribution and associated factors of antenatal care utilization in Ethiopia in 2019: Spatial and multilevel analysis

“…The current study was aimed to explore spatial distribution and associated factors of antenatal care utilization in Ethiopia based on the nationally representative EMDHS data. We analyzed 3,340 data of women ages 15-49 from EMDHS 2019 and the average ANC of the country was 75%; however, the current ANC is less than the target of Ethiopian HSTP which is 95%(10); however, the finding was greater than the ANC utilization of 62.58% of EDHS 2016 (15). From this, we saw that there was an increase by 12.2% in ANC utilization.…”

“…According to the existing kinds of literature, the plan is far from its achievement as there is no study ever presented with such information. The ANC distribution in the country was: ANC 1-3 (45.71%) and ≥4 ANCs(54.29%) from EDHS 2016(11); 62.8% overall ANC utilization from EDHS 2016(12); 29.3% in the Northeast Ethiopia in 2016(4); 54% ANC in Tigray in 2013; 42.8% in 2014 in Ambo Town (13); 77.4% in Sidama Zone in South Nation Nationalities people's region (SNNPR) in 2011 (14); 72.6% in Gedeo zone in 2020(6); 78.5% ≥4 ANCs in Debre Berhan in 2019 (15); 66.3% of women not used ANC at first trimester and 22.3% had four and less ANC from EDHS 2011 (16); urban women use 34% more ANC than rural women (17); the average ANC between 2000 and 2017(36.2%) (18). This showed exactly the position of the country in achieving the plan.…”

Adequacy and timeliness of antenatal care visits among Ethiopian women: a community-based panel study

“… 8 9 Similarly, in previous studies, early initiation of ANC visits predicted the use of 4 plus ANC visits. 27 Thus, improving early arrival in the first trimester for services, and motivating mothers that begin ANC to confirm continuity is crucial 23 58 because drop-out from ANC is significantly associated with not being informed about pregnancy complications. 59 Further, women who come to health centres early during pregnancy have enough time for consecutive visits and the information they get may facilitate the continuity of care.…”

“…This means a partner’s support or involvement is deemed to facilitate adequate ANC visits. 27 This might be due to the common fact that women’s access to skilled care is influenced by spousal support and decisions of maternal health services. 63 Such practice plays a considerable role in patriarchal systems in many parts of Africa wherein men have the power to make decisions including about their wives’ use of maternal health services.…”