<p>The level of IL-6 was associated with sleep disturbances in patients with major depressive disorder</p>

Abstract

Purpose: Major depression disorder (MDD) was associated with inflammatory processes, but association results of inflammatory syndrome and MDD were inconsistent. To provide more evidence, we measured the plasma levels of IL-1β, IL-6, interferon (INT)-α2, INT-γ, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in patients having MDD and explored correlations between the five proinflammatory cytokines and specific depressive symptoms. Patients and methods: Plasma concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6, INT-α2, INT-γ, and TNF-α were measured using ELISA for 44 MDD patients and 54 healthy controls. Patients with MDD were assessed on the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17), and a total score and five syndrome scores were acquired. Results: IL-6 levels in depressed patients were significantly elevated than in healthy controls, but no significant differences were observed in the levels of INF-α2, INF-γ, IL-1β, or TNF-α. In addition, correlation analysis revealed that sleep disturbances positively correlated with IL-6. Although there was no significant difference between the two groups in the levels of INF-α2, a significant positive correlation between IFN-α2 and retardation was observed. Conclusion: Elevated IL-6 levels were observed in MDD patients and IL-6 may correlate with sleep disturbances.

Impact of natalizumab on quality of life in a real-world cohort of patients with multiple sclerosis: Results from MS PATHS

“…This could be related to a natalizumab-induced decrease in inflammatory markers implicated in sleep disturbance, depression, and fatigue in both CSF and in plasma. [28][29][30][31][32][33] However, direct evidence linking the biological effects of natalizumab with its effect on these symptoms is lacking, and the contribution of these findings in defining the anecdotal "feelgood effect" of natalizumab needs to be further studied.…”

The Assessment of Sleep Quality in Patients Following Valve Repair and Valve Replacement for Infective Endocarditis: A Retrospective Study at a Single Center

“…Sleep plays a vital role in regulating the body’s innate and adaptive immune responses, and poor sleep quality is associated with chronic inflammation. Several cytokines and chemokines, such as IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and high-sensitivity CRP, are related to poor sleep quality [ 29 , 30 ]. A previous study reported that poor sleep quality is equivalent to insulin resistance and is a risk factor for metabolic and cardiovascular diseases [ 31 ].…”

On inflammatory hypothesis of depression: what is the role of IL-6 in the middle of the chaos?

“…Clinical studies have also revealed that patients with MDD have increased levels of plasma and serum concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-6 in comparison with healthy controls [24,100,115,116]. It should be noted that three meta-analyses verified increased peripheral IL-6 levels in MDD patients compared to healthy volunteers [38,116,117].…”