&lt;p&gt;The Association Between School Start Time and Sleep Duration, Sustained Attention, and Academic Performance&lt;/p&gt;

Alfonsi, Valentina; Palmizio, Rossella; Rubino, Annalisa; Scarpelli, Serena; Gorgoni, Maurizio; D’Atri, Alessandro; Pazzaglia, Mariella; Ferrara, Michele; Giuliano, Salvatore; Gennaro, Luigi De

doi:10.2147/nss.s273875

Cited by 43 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…16 Delaying school time, as occurred during the pandemic, has been shown to increase sleep duration, daytime alertness, school attendance, academic performance, mental health, and well-being. 17,18 The COVID-19 pandemic put the world into a naturalistic experiment of multiple dimensions. School closure eliminated commuting and imposed online classes that started later than regular onsite classes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 pandemic impact on sleep habits, chronotype and health-related quality of life among high school students: a longitudinal study

Genta¹,

Neto²,

Sunfeld³

et al. 2021

Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine

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Study Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has challenged the population of affected areas in multiple dimensions. Adolescents have been especially affected with school closure and home confinement. The impact of the pandemic on sleep habits and quality of sleep and quality of life among adolescents has not been adequately characterized. We hypothesized that the COVID-19 pandemic has induced an evening shift of the daily rhythm among adolescents and adversely affected sleep quality and quality of life of high school students. Methods: Students were questioned about their usual bed and wake-up times and answered the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Questionnaire, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, the Horne-Osteberg Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire, and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire-abbreviated version before and during the pandemic. Results: Ninety-four students (64% females, aged 15 ± 1 years) participated in both phases of the study. Students delayed bed and wake-up times by 1.5 (0.5-2.0) and 2.0 (1.5-2.5) hours, respectively. Chronotype (per the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire) shifted toward eveningness during the pandemic. Sleep duration increased and quality of sleep (per the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) improved only among those students with shorter sleep duration before the pandemic. During the pandemic, the physical and psychological domains of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire worsened but the environmental domain improved as compared with the study before the pandemic. Conclusions: High school students have delayed bed and wake-up times and shifted chronotype toward eveningness during the COVID-19 pandemic. The worsening of the physical and psychological World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire domains and improvement in the environmental domain highlight the conflicting experiences that high school students are facing during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 pandemic impact on sleep habits, chronotype and health-related quality of life among high school students: a longitudinal study

Genta¹,

Neto²,

Sunfeld³

et al. 2021

Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Validity and sensitivity of this 5-minute version of the PVT has been shown by independent studies. 31 , 32 , 33 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Sleep and Attention Metrics Among Nurses Working Shifts on a Forward- vs Backward-Rotating Schedule

et al. 2021

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IMPORTANCEThe association of fast backward-rotating shift work (ie, anticlockwise sequence of afternoon, morning, and night shifts) with subjective and objective measures of sleep-wake quality, daytime attention, and tiredness of health care workers has not yet been established. OBJECTIVE To investigate the association of shift rotation direction with tiredness, sleepiness, and sustained attention among nurses working forward-and backward-rotating shifts. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Data of this cohort study were collected from nurses working at 5 midsized Italian hospitals. The nurses had either a forward-rotating schedule (ie, morning to afternoon to night) and or a backward-rotating schedule (ie, afternoon to morning to night). The data were collected from July 2017 to February 2020. Data analysis was performed from May to October 2020. EXPOSURES Participants were working either forward-or backward-rotating schedules, in which the sequence of 3 shifts (morning, afternoon, and night) changed in a clockwise or anticlockwise direction. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Sleep data were collected using the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Sustained attention was measured using the Psychomotor Vigilance Task. Tiredness was evaluated using the Tiredness Symptom Scale. RESULTS A total of 144 nurses (mean [SE] age, 41.3 [0.8] years; 92 women [63.9%]) participated in the study; 80 nurses had forward-rotating schedules, and 64 had backward-rotating schedules.Nurses with irregular sleep-wake patterns due to night shift work had poor sleep quality (46 [57.5%] in forward-rotating schedule group; 37 [57.8%] in backward-rotating schedule group). Nurses working backward-rotating shifts exhibited significantly greater sleepiness (F 1,139 = 41.23; P < .001) and cognitive slowing (ie, longer median reaction times; F 1,139 = 42.12; P < .001) than those working forward rotations. Importantly, these differences were not affected by age, years of employment, and quality of sleep. Of nurses working on a backward-rotating schedule, 60 (93.8%) reported elevated sleepiness (Karolinska Sleepiness Scale score Ն7) after the night shift. The median reaction time (F 1,139 = 42.12; P < .001), 10% fastest reaction time (F 1,139 = 97.07; P < .001), minor lapses (F 1,139 = 46.29; P < .001), and reaction time distribution (F 1,139 = 60.13; P < .001) of nurses on backward-rotating schedules indicated a lower level of vigilance, which is negatively associated with neurobehavioral performance. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCEIn this study, both shift rotation models were negatively associated with health and cognitive performance. These findings suggest that forward shift rotation may be more beneficial than backward rotation for several measured performance attentional (continued) Key Points Question Among hospital staff who work day and night shifts, do sleep and attention metrics vary between those who work forward-vs backwardrotating shifts? Findings This cohort study of 144 nurses found that fast forward-rotating shifts...

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“…While the idea of concurrent chats is encouraging as it doubles or even triples the service capacity, its influence on counsellors, users, and the overall service quality needs close examination. As dividing attention can reduce performance, with potential moderators such as the time of a day, fatigue, and sleep quality [ 28 , 29 ], it is unclear how the division of attention affects counsellors in handling sessions effectively and efficiently. As there are individual differences in the lapse of attention [ 30 ], it remains a question whether there is a one-size-fits-all threshold of the number of concurrent chats for counsellors, as they have different skillsets and handle different types of cases at a different time of a day.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Opportunities and Challenges of the First Three Years of Open Up, an Online Text-Based Counselling Service for Youth and Young Adults

Yip

Chan²,

Chan

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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We present the opportunities and challenges of Open Up, a free, 24/7 online text-based counselling service to support youth in Hong Kong. The number of youths served more than doubled within the first three years since its inception in 2018 in response to increasing youth suicidality and mental health needs. Good practice models are being developed in order to sustain and further scale up the service. We discuss the structure of the operation, usage pattern and its effectiveness, the use of AI to improve users experience, and the role of volunteer in the operation. We also present the challenges in further enhancing the operation, calling for more research, especially on the identification of the optimal number of users that can be concurrently served by a counsellor, the effective approach to respond to a small percentage of repeated users who has taken up a disproportional volume of service, and the way to optimize the use of big data analytics and AI technology to enhance the service. These advancements will benefit not only Open Up but also similar services across the globe.

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<p>The Association Between School Start Time and Sleep Duration, Sustained Attention, and Academic Performance</p>

Cited by 43 publications

References 37 publications

COVID-19 pandemic impact on sleep habits, chronotype and health-related quality of life among high school students: a longitudinal study

COVID-19 pandemic impact on sleep habits, chronotype and health-related quality of life among high school students: a longitudinal study

Comparison of Sleep and Attention Metrics Among Nurses Working Shifts on a Forward- vs Backward-Rotating Schedule

The Opportunities and Challenges of the First Three Years of Open Up, an Online Text-Based Counselling Service for Youth and Young Adults

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