<p>Targeted and pH-facilitated theranostic of orthotopic gastric cancer via phase-transformation doxorubicin-encapsulated nanoparticles enhanced by low-intensity focused ultrasound (LIFU) with reduced side effect</p>

Abstract

PurposeFocused ultrasound-mediated chemotherapy, as a non-invasive therapeutic modality, has been extensively explored in combating deep tumors for predominant penetration performance. However, the generally used high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) inevitably jeopardizes normal tissue around the lesion for hyperthermal energy. To overcome this crucial issue, low-intensity focused ultrasound (LIFU) was introduced to fulfill precisely controlled imaging and therapy in lieu of HIFU. The objective of this study was to develop a facile and versatile nanoplatform (DPP-R) in response to LIFU and provide targeted drug delivery concurrently.MethodsMultifunctional DPP-R was fabricated by double emulsion method and carbodiimide method. Physicochemical properties of DPP-R were detected respectively and the bio-compatibility and bio-safety were evaluated by CCK-8 assay, blood analysis, and histologic section. The targeted ability, imaging function, and anti-tumor effect were demonstrated in vitro and vivo.ResultsThe synthetic DPP-R showed an average particle size at 367 nm, stable physical-chemical properties in different media, and high bio-compatibility and bio-safety. DPP-R was demonstrated to accumulate at the tumor site by active receptor/ligand reaction and passive EPR effect with intravenous administration. Stimulated by LIFU at the tumor site, phase-transformable PFH was vaporized in the core of the integration offering contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging. The stimuli led to encapsulated DOX's initial burst release and subsequent sustained release for anti-tumor therapy which was verified to be more effective and have less adverse effects than free DOX.ConclusionDPP-R combined with LIFU provides a novel theranostic modality for GC treatment with potent therapeutic effect, including prominent performance of targeting, ultrasound imaging, and accurate drug release.

Curcumin-Loaded Nanoparticles with Low-Intensity Focused Ultrasound-Induced Phase Transformation as Tumor-Targeted and pH-Sensitive Theranostic Nanoplatform of Ovarian Cancer

“…After that, the pH value of the mixture was adjusted to 7.4 to obtain Cur and PFH loaded FRT (FCP). Secondly, target molecule FA was covalently conjugated with FCP through carbodiimide method [8]. In brief, 5 mg NH 2 -PEG 2000 -FA was added into the FCP solution above with the presence of EDC (5 mg/ml) and NHS (20 mg/ml).…”

“…In recent years, acoustic-response nanoplatform (ARN) has widely been used in tumor treatment and diagnostic research [8,9]. ARN is usually designed as microbubbles (MBs) or nanoparticle (NPs) models [10][11][12].…”

Nanoparticles: Promising Auxiliary Agents for Diagnosis and Therapy of Thyroid Cancers

“…Src homology 2 domain-containing phosphotyrosine phosphatase 2 (SHP2) is a proven oncogene for TC, and phase-changeable polylactic-co-glycolid acid (PLGA) polymeric nanoparticles decorated with SHP2 antibody were able to strongly label tumor tissue when applied to tumor-bearing mice and irradiated with LIFUS [59]. LIFUS based on targeted contrast agents results in tumor-specific cell damage in contrast to highly focused ultrasound, which also damages normal tissues [103].…”

Cetuximab-Conjugated Perfluorohexane/Gold Nanoparticles for Low Intensity Focused Ultrasound Diagnosis Ablation of Thyroid Cancer Treatment

“…Recently, triggerable drug-charged nanocarriers coupled withmultiple internal or external stimuli, such as pH, temperature,ultrasound, laser, and microwave radiation, have been extensivelyexplored for personalized treatment to enable controlled release.They have shown an excellent possibility to deliver enhancedanticancer treatment impact, with decreased systemic toxicity [12][13][14]. Low-intensity concentrated ultrasound (LIFUS) has beenexhaustively researched for tumor treatment along with the use ofultrasound imaging analysis as a potential exterior activate, whichis noninvasive and displays signi cant tissue-penetratingcapacity.…”