<p>Stability of thromboxane in blood samples</p>

Abstract

Introduction: Conventional venous blood collection requires a puncture with a needle through the endothelium of a vessel. The endothelial injury causes activation of circulating platelets and the release of thromboxane A 2 . The aim of the study was to investigate if platelets continue to form thromboxane A 2 in the blood tube after sample collection, but such synthesis would give false information about the actual circulating thromboxane A 2 value. Methods: Thromboxane B 2 is a biologically inactive but stable metabolite of thromboxane A 2 and can be measured in blood samples by a standard enzyme immunoassay. Thromboxane B 2 measurements reflect thromboxane A 2 concentration. Blood samples were collected in 3.2% sodium citrate vials and EDTA vials from ten individuals and centrifuged and frozen at different time points (0, 30, and 120 minutes). Plasma aliquots were transferred to and frozen in 1.8 mL polypropylene tubes and the citrate samples were also transferred to and frozen in propylene tubes containing indomethacin. Results: Concentrations of thromboxane B 2 in plasma samples collected in citrate vials and stored in propylene tubes increased very rapidly as the samples were left for longer after sampling and allowed to stand at room temperature. After 120 minutes, the amount of thromboxane B 2 was 400% higher than in the reference sample at time zero. In comparison, thromboxane B 2 concentration was about 200% higher in the 120-minute samples compared to the reference in samples collected in citrate vials but stored in indomethacin tubes. In samples collected in EDTA vials, a 10% reduction in thromboxane B 2 concentration in the 120-minute samples was observed. Conclusion: Storage conditions, type of sampling vial and time from sampling until sample processing (centrifuging) has a major impact on thromboxane B 2 stability.

Proteome of Personalized Tissue-Engineered Veins

“…Consequently, the donor’s antigen-presenting cells (APC), which are assumed to underlie acute rejection when recognized by the host’s T cells, were removed, which explains the success of the transplanted graft over the first year of both preclinical and clinical trials . However, an immune response may have started in vitro by the donor blood platelets that were activated by puncturing of the endothelium with a needle when collecting the blood sample to be used for the reconditioning process . The platelets recognize exposed collagens and adhere to the subendothelium, which is mediated by the von Willebrand factor (vWF), which was highly abundant in pRC and hRC compared to their respective DC tissue (Supporting File S2 datasheet 10).…”

The effect of locating and sliding of facet combined with percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy on cell inflammatory indicators and the treatment of disc herniation

“…CRP is a common marker of the inflammatory response, which tends to increase after infection or trauma and decrease rapidly after recovery (22). TXB2 is a specific marker of platelets in the body, and the increase of the level can lead to vascular spasm and thrombosis in patients with lumbar disc herniation, resulting in neuroinflammatory response (23). SOD and MDA are common markers of oxidative stress (24).…”

Soluble Platelet Release Factors as Biomarkers for Cardiovascular Disease

“…TxA2 is synthesized by platelets as well as endothelial cells, macrophages, and neutrophils ( 45 ). Via both autocrine and paracrine mechanisms, TxA2 stimulates platelet activation and further aggregation ( 46 , 47 ). The half-life of TxA2 is about 30 s, therefore it cannot be measured under physiological conditions ( 46 ).…”

“…Via both autocrine and paracrine mechanisms, TxA2 stimulates platelet activation and further aggregation ( 46 , 47 ). The half-life of TxA2 is about 30 s, therefore it cannot be measured under physiological conditions ( 46 ). However, the stable TxA2 metabolite thromboxane B2 (TxB2) has a half-life of 5–7 min and can be assessed by mass spectroscopy, liquid chromatography, and ELISA.…”