&lt;p&gt;Sexual behavior and infection with cervical human papillomavirus types 16 and 18&lt;/p&gt;

Itarat, Yuwadee; Kietpeerakool, Chumnan; Jampathong, Nampet; Chumworathayi, Bandit; Kleebkaow, Pilaiwan; Aue-aungkul, Apiwat; Nhokaew, Wilasinee

doi:10.2147/ijwh.s218441

Cited by 23 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In the indigenous population studied, only the number of sexual partners was found to show a relationship with LSIL (Table 1), which is in agreement with previous reports that indicate a close relationship of this factor with the development of cervical neoplasm (Herrero et al, 1990;Itarat et al, 2019). Other factors such, as parity and age of first sexual encounter, have been related to premalignant lesions and cervical cancer development (Lukac et al, 2018;Kashyap et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

HPV molecular detection from urine versus cervical samples: an alternative for HPV screening in indigenous populations

Torres-Rojas

Mendoza-Catalán

Alarcón‐Romero

et al. 2021

PeerJ

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Background Cervical cancer (CC) is the fourth leading cause of death from neoplasms in women and is caused by the human papilloma virus (HPV). Several methods have been developed for the screening of cervical lesions and HPV; however, some socio-cultural factors prevent women from undergoing gynecological inspection, which results in a higher risk of mortality from cervical cancer in certain population groups as indigenous communities. This study aimed to compare the concordance in HPV detection from urine and cervical samples, to propose an alternative to cervical scraping, which is commonly used in the cervical cancer screening. Methodology The DNA from cervical scrapings and urine samples was extracted using the proteinase K method followed by precipitation with alcohol, phenol andchloroform; a modification of the proteinase K method was developed in the management of urine sediment. Viral genotyping was performed using INNOLipa. Results The study population consisted of 108 patients from an indigenous population at southern Mexico, 32 without squamous intraepithelial lesions (NSIL) and 76 with low squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL). The majority of NSIL cervical scrapes were negative for HPV (90.63%), whereas more than half of LSIL cases were high-risk HPV positive (51.32%), followed by multiple infection by HR-HPV (17.11%), and multiple infection by LR- and HR-HPV (9.21%). No statistically significant relationship between the cytological diagnosis and the HPV genotypes detected in the urine samples was observed. A concordance of 68.27% for HPV positivity from urine and cervical samples was observed. Similarly, a concordance of 64.52% was observed in the grouping of HPVs by oncogenic risk. HR-HPV was detected in 71% of the urine samples from women with LSIL diagnosis, which suggests that HR-HPV detected in a urine sample could indicate the presence or risk of developing SIL. Conclusion HR-HPV detection in urine samples could be an initial approach for women at risk of developing LSIL and who, for cultural reasons, refuse to undergo a gynecological inspection.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

HPV molecular detection from urine versus cervical samples: an alternative for HPV screening in indigenous populations

Torres-Rojas

Mendoza-Catalán

Alarcón‐Romero

et al. 2021

PeerJ

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“…Although participants reported a relatively low number of sexual partners (median, 1), those who reported having multiple sexual partners (≥2) in the last year had a 2-fold increased risk of hrHPV infection, consistent with well-established literature. 26,27 Studies have shown that both lifetime and recent sexual partners are positively associated with hrHPV detection in PWC in clinic 26 and self-collected samples. 10,11 Younger age of first sexual intercourse has also been shown to increase the risk of acquiring hrHPV infection 26 ; however, this was not seen in our sample.…”

Section: |mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…26,27 Studies have shown that both lifetime and recent sexual partners are positively associated with hrHPV detection in PWC in clinic 26 and self-collected samples. 10,11 Younger age of first sexual intercourse has also been shown to increase the risk of acquiring hrHPV infection 26 ; however, this was not seen in our sample. We also expected to find associations of hrHPV risk with younger age, current smoker, and history of abnormal Pap test finding as reported in prior studies 10,28 ; although we observed trends consistent with literature, our estimates were relatively imprecise, thus limiting interpretation.…”

Section: |mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of High-Risk Human Papillomavirus by RNA Assay in Home Self-Collected Samples Among Underscreened People in North Carolina

Lee

Bukowski²,

Spees

et al. 2021

Sexual Trans Dis

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Background: Low-income and uninsured people with a cervix (PWC) are at the highest risk of being underscreened for cervical cancer. We evaluated the prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) on home self-collected samples, as well as rates of in-clinic follow-up and risk factors associated with hrHPV positivity in this at-risk population.Methods: My Body My Test 3 was conducted between 2016 and 2019 in North Carolina among individuals aged 25 to 64 years, overdue for cervical cancer screening, and with incomes of <250% of the US Federal Poverty Level. Our analytic sample included participants randomized to the selfcollection arm who returned self-collected cervicovaginal brush samples for HPV testing (n = 329). Samples were tested for 14 hrHPV types by an HPV RNA assay and further genotyped for HPV-16 and HPV-18/45. We examined behavioral risk factors for hrHPV positivity using logistic regression and between-subject t tests.Results: High-risk HPV RNA prevalence was 16% (n = 52/329) in selfcollected samples. Of the hrHPV-positive participants, 24 (46%) presented for in-clinic cervical cancer screening, compared with 56 (20%) of hrHPVnegative participants. Those with ≥2 sexual partners in the past year were twice as likely to be hrHPV positive in adjusted analyses (adjusted odds ratio, 2.00 [95% confidence interval, 1.03-3.88]). High-risk HPV-positive and HPV-negative participants had similar attitudes toward screening, with the exception of hrHPV-positive participants who reported a lower perceived risk of cervical cancer than those who were hrHPV negative ( P < 0.05). Conclusion:The hrHPV RNA prevalence was similar to findings in other underscreened PWC in the United States. Efforts to reach underscreened PWC are critical for cervical cancer prevention. Future studies aimed at home self-collection should address methods of increasing clinic attendance and completion of treatment among those with HPV-positive results.

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“…There is a risk for all women that HPV infections may become chronic and cause precancerous lesions, which may progress to invasive cancer ( Figure 1). HPV subtypes 16 and 18 are associated with 70% of invasive cervical cancers worldwide [6]. HPVs have circular, double-stranded DNA genomes that encode eight genes, of which E6 and E7 have transforming properties and are necessary for malignant conversion.…”

Section: Pathogenesis Of Hpv In Cervical Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was recently shown that high-risk HPV genotypes affecting at least 10% of sex workers in order of decreasing frequency were HPV genotypes 52, 16, 35, 51, 33, 31, 18, and 45 [ 44 ]. It has been established that a higher number of lifetime sexual partners facilitates co-infection with multiple types of HPV and other STIs [ 6 ]. An estimated percent of 0.5% of women aged from 15 to 49 in Senegal was reported to be infected with HIV (total population of 15.85 million) [ 45 ].…”

Section: Cervical Cancer Screenings In Mali and Senegalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eliminating Cervical Cancer in Mali and Senegal, Two Sub-Saharan Countries: Insights and Optimizing Solutions

Haque

Kouriba

Aïssatou³

et al. 2020

Vaccines

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Background: The number of cases with cervical cancer is rapidly increasing in Sub-Saharan Africa driven by inadequate rates of human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccination and screening programs and accompanied by poor health delivery systems. There are other factors to contend with such as lack of awareness, social myths, reluctance to vaccine acceptance and stigma with sexually transmitted diseases. Here, we formulate strategies to implement intervention programs against HPV infections and other risk factors for cervical cancer in these countries. Methods: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and African Journals Online for this review. The current status of anti-HPV vaccination and precancerous screening programs in Mali and Senegal has been assessed by onsite visits. Collaborators from Mali and Senegal collected data and information concerning HPV vaccination and screening programs in these countries. Findings: We found that anti-HPV vaccination and cervical cancer screening have been conducted sporadically mainly in urban areas of Mali and Senegal. No known population-based programs are in progress in either of the two countries. We highlighted the advantages and drawbacks of currently available screening tests and proposed that screening by visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) accompanied by self-sampling is the most cost-effective, culturally acceptable and most feasible strategy to implement in primary care settings. In addition, HPV DNA testing would be affordable, if local laboratory facilities could be established. We found that many of the factors that increase HPV acquisition and promote the oncogenic effect of the virus are largely widespread in both Senegal and Mali. These include infections with HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs), immunosuppression, polygamous marriages, high parity, early sexual activities, early pregnancies, and multiple sexual partners. Interpretation: Neither vaccines nor screening tests are within the reach of the population in Mali and Senegal because of the high cost. The effective intervention measure would be to integrate anti-HPV vaccines into the Extended Program for Immunization (EPI), which has saved 3 million young lives per year in Africa with the support of GAVI, to implement cost control mechanisms for HPV vaccinations via price negotiations with manufacturing companies, as has recently been done by Rwanda. The collective efforts by local governments, researchers, private sector, and donors may lead to the introduction of affordable screening tests. A robust awareness campaign coupled with sustained and regular engagement of local communities about the prevention and risk factors is extremely important. The projected solutions may be well applicable to other Sub-Saharan countries that face similar challenges containing cervical cancer.

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<p>Sexual behavior and infection with cervical human papillomavirus types 16 and 18</p>

Cited by 23 publications

References 27 publications

HPV molecular detection from urine versus cervical samples: an alternative for HPV screening in indigenous populations

HPV molecular detection from urine versus cervical samples: an alternative for HPV screening in indigenous populations

Prevalence of High-Risk Human Papillomavirus by RNA Assay in Home Self-Collected Samples Among Underscreened People in North Carolina

Eliminating Cervical Cancer in Mali and Senegal, Two Sub-Saharan Countries: Insights and Optimizing Solutions

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