<p>Recovery Experience as the Mediating Factor in the Relationship Between Sleep Disturbance and Depressive Symptoms Among Female Nurses in Chinese Public Hospitals: A Structural Equation Modeling Analysis</p>

Abstract

Purpose: Nurses are suffering from considerable work-related stress, which can result in disturbed sleep and depressive symptoms. Whereas, recovery experience can alleviate sleep disturbance and help maintain well-being in the working environment. The aim of this study was to examine whether recovery experiences play a mediating role in the relationship between sleep disturbance and depressive symptoms of female nurses in Chinese public hospitals. Methods: From December 2017 to May 2018, the study with proportional sampling of cross-sectional design was carried out in the public tertiary hospitals from Shenyang of Liaoning Province in China. A total of 1500 female nurses who had been working for one or more years participated in this study. A structural equation model (SEM) was applied to test the assumption that recovery experiences might function as a mediator in the relationship between sleep disturbance and symptoms of depression. Results: Sleep disturbance contributed most to the variance (32.9%) of depressive symptoms and had a significantly positive correlation with depressive symptoms (P<0.01) among nurses. Psychological detachment in recovery experience had a significantly positive correlation with sleep disturbance (P<0.01) and depressive symptoms (P<0.01). Whereas, relaxation, mastery experience, and control in recovery experience were significantly and negatively correlated with sleep disturbance (P<0.01) and depressive symptoms (P<0.01). Recovery experience served as a mediator between sleep disturbance and depressive symptoms (a * b = 0.066, BCa 95% CI: 0.045, 0.095). Conclusion: Sleep disturbance was the predictor of depressive symptoms for female nurses. Moreover, recovery experience could combat the detrimental impacts of sleep disturbances on symptoms of depression. This study suggested that nurses might benefit from interventions on improving sleep quality to relieve depressive symptoms through mediating path of recovery experience.

Sleep, Anxiety, and Academic Performance: A Study of Adolescents From Public High Schools in China

“…The PROMIS Pediatric Sleep Disturbance short form 8a (Buysse et al, 2010 ) was used to measure children's sleep depth, quality, and restoration in the last 7 days. Example questions included “In past 7 days, I had difficulty falling asleep.”; “In past 7 days, I tossed and turned at night.” Previous studies including adolescents in China have indicated good reliability (Ding et al, 2020 ). The measure includes 8-items with responses on a Likert scale ranging from 1 “ Never ” to 5 “ Always .” Certain items were reversed scored and the total raw score of the 8-items was converted to a standardized T-score based on recommended scoring in the PROMIS scoring Manual (PROMIS, 2021 ).…”

“…"; "In past 7 days, I tossed and turned at night." Previous studies including adolescents in China have indicated good reliability (Ding et al, 2020). The measure includes 8-items with responses on a Likert scale ranging from 1 "Never" to 5 "Always."…”

The association of sleep duration and quality with depressive symptoms in older Chinese women

“…Studies of adolescents and adults have suggested that the risk of depressive symptoms increases with poor sleep quality. A cross-sectional study found that sleep disturbance was a predictor of depressive symptoms in 1,500 female Chinese nurses [ 29 ]. Additionally, in another Chinese study of 17,946 adolescents (14–18 years old), sleep difficulties were verified to be positively correlated with depressive and anxiety symptoms in both cross-sectional and longitudinal samples [ 30 ].…”

<p>Recovery Experience: A Concept for Maintaining Quality of Life and Its Mediating Effect Among Female Nurses in China</p>

“…Our previous study found that recovery experience could improve nurses' mental health, such as depressive symptoms. 35 Female nurses, choosing specific leisure activities that they prefer, and with a satisfactory sense of control over their lives, might avoid job burnout or recover easier, thus improving their MCS. Interestingly, this study shows that psychological detachment from work can reduce the level of QOL, which is different from previous studies.…”

“…33 A better recovery experience helps the nurses by relieving stress, reducing emotional exhaustion, promoting higher job satisfaction, improving subjective well-being, reducing job burnout, and ultimately improving QOL. 34,35 Research on recovery experience is still in its infancy in China and there are few studies on nurses' recovery experience. In particular, the impacts of recovery experience on QOL need further analysis, not just to improve understanding, but also to identify interventions to enhance the recovery experience of female nurses and improve their QOL.…”