&lt;p&gt;Psychometric Analysis of the Perceived Stress Scale Among Healthy University Students&lt;/p&gt;

Anwer, Shahnawaz; Manzar, Dilshad; Alghadir, Ahmad H.; Salahuddin, Mohammed; Hameed, Unaise Abdul

doi:10.2147/ndt.s268582

Cited by 48 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(84 reference statements)

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“…The baseline levels of stress and anxiety among our participants were significantly higher than those found in the same population of university students by previous research [42][43][44], as well as in the general population [45]. Previous studies analyzing the mental health of university students found lower levels of anxiety and stress symptoms, evaluated through the GAD-7 and the PSS-10 questionnaires, compared to those of our sample of university students [42][43][44]. This is not surprising, since the COVID-19 pandemic had a worsening effect on the general population and on university students in particular: a research study conducted on Italian university students to identify psychological consequences of the living conditions during the COVID-19 lockdown reported high levels of anxiety and stress, concentration disorders, psychosomatization, and, in several cases, reactivation of trauma and worsened sleep quality [46].…”

Section: Principal Findingscontrasting

confidence: 84%

Section: Principal Findingscontrasting

confidence: 83%

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Engagement and Effectiveness of a Healthy-Coping Intervention via Chatbot for University Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Mixed Methods Proof-of-Concept Study

Gabrielli¹,

Rizzi²,

Bassi³

et al. 2021

JMIR Mhealth Uhealth

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Background University students are increasingly reporting common mental health problems, such as stress, anxiety, and depression, and they frequently face barriers to seeking psychological support because of stigma, cost, and availability of mental health services. This issue is even more critical in the challenging time of the COVID-19 pandemic. Digital mental health interventions, such as those delivered via chatbots on mobile devices, offer the potential to achieve scalability of healthy-coping interventions by lowering cost and supporting prevention. Objective The goal of this study was to conduct a proof-of-concept evaluation measuring the engagement and effectiveness of Atena, a psychoeducational chatbot supporting healthy coping with stress and anxiety, among a population of university students. Methods In a proof-of-concept study, 71 university students were recruited during the COVID-19 pandemic; 68% (48/71) were female, they were all in their first year of university, and their mean age was 20.6 years (SD 2.4). Enrolled students were asked to use the Atena psychoeducational chatbot for 4 weeks (eight sessions; two per week), which provided healthy-coping strategies based on cognitive behavioral therapy, positive psychology, and mindfulness techniques. The intervention program consisted of conversations combined with audiovisual clips delivered via the Atena chatbot. Participants were asked to complete web-based versions of the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7), the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), and the Five-Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) at baseline and postintervention to assess effectiveness. They were also asked to complete the User Engagement Scale–Short Form at week 2 to assess engagement with the chatbot and to provide qualitative comments on their overall experience with Atena postintervention. Results Participants engaged with the Atena chatbot an average of 78 (SD 24.8) times over the study period. A total of 61 out of 71 (86%) participants completed the first 2 weeks of the intervention and provided data on engagement (10/71, 14% attrition). A total of 41 participants out of 71 (58%) completed the full intervention and the postintervention questionnaires (30/71, 42% attrition). Results from the completer analysis showed a significant decrease in anxiety symptoms for participants in more extreme GAD-7 score ranges (t39=0.94; P=.009) and a decrease in stress symptoms as measured by the PSS-10 (t39=2.00; P=.05) for all participants postintervention. Participants also improved significantly in the describing and nonjudging facets, based on their FFMQ subscale scores, and asked for some improvements in the user experience with the chatbot. Conclusions This study shows the benefit of deploying a digital healthy-coping intervention via a chatbot to support university students experiencing higher levels of distress. While findings collected during the COVID-19 pandemic show promise, further research is required to confirm conclusions.

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Section: Principal Findingscontrasting

confidence: 84%

Section: Principal Findingscontrasting

confidence: 83%

Engagement and Effectiveness of a Healthy-Coping Intervention via Chatbot for University Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Mixed Methods Proof-of-Concept Study

Gabrielli¹,

Rizzi²,

Bassi³

et al. 2021

JMIR Mhealth Uhealth

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“…The scale to assess the perceived stress scale of the studied sample was reliable with Cronbach's alpha coefficient 0. 78 as reported by (Anwer et al, 2020).…”

Section: Reliabilitymentioning

confidence: 56%

The Prevalence of Aphrodisiac Drugs Consumption and Its Associated Factors among Married Men at Beni-Suef City, Egypt

hafez

Mohamed

2022

International Egyptian Journal of Nursing Sciences and Research

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Aphrodisiacs in recent years have become popular with the increased prevalence of sexual problems worldwide. Aim: Determine the prevalence of aphrodisiac drugs consumption and its associated factors among the married men. Design: cross sectional design was used. Setting: Beni-Suef city. Sample: convenient sample to select 380 subjects. Tools of data collection: two tools were used; the first was a questionnaire composed of 6 parts to assess socio-demographic data, medical history, and pattern of aphrodisiac use, knowledge regarding aphrodisiac drugs, life style and erectile dysfunction, the second tool was the perceived stress scale. Results: the data revealed that 38.2% of the studied sample reported using the aphrodisiac drugs and 85.5% of them used the aphrodisiac drugs without doctor order. The data added that 45.2% have high perceived stress, 24.2 % had mild erectile dysfunction, 49.7% had unsatisfactory level of knowledge and 42.1% reported unhealthy life style. The consumption of aphrodisiac drugs was significantly associated with age, educational level, having multiple wives, level of erectile dysfunction, levels of perceived stress, level of knowledge and life style of the studied sample where P is <0.05. Conclusion: Results of the study concluded that 38.2% of the participants reported using the aphrodisiac drugs and was influenced by the socio-demographic data, level of erectile dysfunction, levels of perceived stress, level of knowledge and life style of the studied sample. Recommendation: Health education programs to improve the population awareness about sexual health and the negative consequences of selfprescribing aphrodisiac drugs.

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“… 13 A recent study on university students in Saudi Arabia found an adequate internal consistency of the PSS-10 as measured by Cronbach’s alpha of 0.78 and 0.71 for the PSS Factor-1 and Factor-2 scores, respectively. 16 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychometric Properties of the General Anxiety Disorders-7 Scale Using Categorical Data Methods: A Study in a Sample of University Attending Ethiopian Young Adults

Manzar¹,

Alghadir²,

Anwer³

et al. 2021

NDT

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Background: Few studies have investigated the psychometric validation of the General Anxiety Disorders-7 Scale (GAD-7) using appropriate data assumptions. This study examined the reliability, factorial validity, divergent validity, and item analysis of the GAD-7 using categorical data methods in a sample of Ethiopian young adults. Methods: A sample of 270 students in the age group (18-20 years) was recruited during February-May of 2017 in this cross-sectional study using simple random sampling. The participants completed a tool for socio-demographic details, the GAD-7, and the Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10). Results: The cumulative variance rule (> 40%), the scree test, Kaiser's criteria (Eigenvalues > 1), and the parallel analysis found a 1-factor model for the GAD-7 (factor loadings, 0.38 to 0.63). Fit indices suggested a 1-factor model: the tests applied included the weighted root mean square residual (0.030), comparative fit index (1.000), the goodness of fit index (1.00), root mean square error of approximation (0.037) and the non-normed fit index (1.00). McDonald's Omega (0.772) implied that the scores had adequate internal consistency. Divergent validity was supported by significant but weak correlations that were found between the GAD-7 and PSS-10 scores (r = 0.11 to 0.25, p<0.05). Conclusion: The psychometric validity of the GAD-7 in Ethiopian university attending young adults was supported by the categorical data method.

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<p>Psychometric Analysis of the Perceived Stress Scale Among Healthy University Students</p>

Cited by 48 publications

References 51 publications

Engagement and Effectiveness of a Healthy-Coping Intervention via Chatbot for University Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Mixed Methods Proof-of-Concept Study

Engagement and Effectiveness of a Healthy-Coping Intervention via Chatbot for University Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Mixed Methods Proof-of-Concept Study

The Prevalence of Aphrodisiac Drugs Consumption and Its Associated Factors among Married Men at Beni-Suef City, Egypt

Psychometric Properties of the General Anxiety Disorders-7 Scale Using Categorical Data Methods: A Study in a Sample of University Attending Ethiopian Young Adults

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