<p>Proportion of Acute Transfusion Reaction and Associated Factors Among Adult Transfused Patients at Felege Hiwot Compressive Referral Hospital, Bahir Dar, Northwest Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study</p>

Abstract

Introduction: Acute transfusion reactions are adverse events occurring within 24 hrs of transfusion and cause simple-to-severe complications. They may vary with the blood component transfused and recipient factors. In Ethiopia, there is a limited evidence about the incidence and associated factors of transfusion reactions. Objective: To determine the proportion of acute transfusion reactions and associated factors among adult transfused patients. Methods: A total of 384 study participants were included in the study. Structured questionnaires were used for socio-demographic and past medical history data collection. Vital signs were measured as a baseline for every study participants and monitored and followed for 24 hrs. Laboratory tests like complete blood count, direct anti-human globulin test and urine hemoglobin were done as a baseline for suspected patients. Cross-match, blood grouping, and blood culture for patients and donors sample were also done for suspected patients. Descriptive statistics, bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression were analyzed using SPSS version 20. P-value of <0.05 in the multivariable model was considered as statistically significant. Results: Acute transfusion reactions were observed in 5.2% of patients. Of total cases of acute transfusion reaction, the majority developed allergic reactions (65%) and febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reaction (30%). It was significantly associated with transfusion history (AOR=3.4; 95% CI: 1.2-9.7), abortion history (AOR=5.0; 95% CI: 1.5-16.4), longer blood storage time (AOR=5.1; 95% CI: 1.7-15.2) and receiving three or more unit of blood (AOR= 4.1; 95% CI: 1.5-11.2). Conclusion: Acute transfusion reactions were observed in 5.2% of patients (allergic reactions (65%), febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reaction (30%) and alloimmunization (5%)). Patients with a history of transfusion, abortion, transfused with blood stored ≥14 days and multi-transfused patients should be closely monitored.

Randomized double‐blinded clinical trial on acute transfusion reactions in dogs receiving leukoreduced versus nonleukoreduced packed red blood cells

“…The incidence of FNHTRs in people receiving PRBCs varies between 0.08% and 1.56% 7,35,44,45 but it is reportedly higher in dogs, varying between 3% and 24.17% 24,25,43,46 . Consistent with this, the most common TR reported in this study were FNHTRs, with an incidence of 7.73%.…”

“…Moreover, a recent study of dogs in abstract form was not able to detect a reduction in the rate inflammatory FNHTRs are the most common complication of PRBC transfusions in people 1,3,5 and dogs 43 and are usually ascribed to cytokines released by leucocytes and platelets during storage. 10 The incidence of FNHTRs in people receiving PRBCs varies between 0.08% and 1.56% 7,35,44,45 but it is reportedly higher in dogs, varying between 3% and 24.17%. 24,25,43,46 Consistent with this, the most common TR reported in this study were FNHTRs, with an incidence of 7.73%.…”

Blood Transfusion Complications and Associated Factors Among Blood-Transfused Adult Patients at Debre Markos Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia: A Cross Sectional Study

“…5 , 6 In this study, the incidence of ATR was encountered in 12 patients (6.6%) (95% CI: 3.3–10.7%). This result was in line with previous studies conducted in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia (5.2%), 8 Bangladesh (3.6%), 19 Sweden (7.9%), 27 Tzu-Chi Hospital, Taiwan (3.5%), 24 Belgaum (4.4), 28 Kano, and North-Western Nigeria (3.6%). 29 The result of this study was higher than studies conducted in Iran (0.95), 18 India (0.96%), 1 Namibia (0.2%), 21 Bangalore, India (0.5%), 17 and Democratic Republic of Congo 2.6.…”

“… 1 , 4 , 17 , 18 The lowest prevalence is reported in the United States of America (USA) (0.23%), while the highest is found in Bangladesh (3.6%). 19 , 20 However, the prevalence of ATR ranges from 2.6% to 5.2% 8 , 21 , 22 in some African countries, whereas in Ethiopia it is not well studied.…”

“…Furthermore, factors influencing blood transfusion outcome or complications include abortion history, vital signs, transfused blood component, and the number of transfused units. 8 , 24 To summarize, there was variation in blood component transfusion and ATR across the world. In Ethiopia, there is no hemovigilance system, and whole blood is the most commonly transfused blood.…”