<p>Poly(γ-Glutamic Acid)/Chitosan Hydrogel Nanoparticles For Effective Preservation And Delivery Of Fermented Herbal Extract For Enlarging Hair Bulb And Enhancing Hair Growth</p>

Abstract

IntroductionHair growth-promoting herbal extract mixtures (4HGF) exhibits significant anti-inflammatory activities relevant to promoting hair growth; however, its efficacy in patients with hair loss has been limited majorly due to its low penetration ability into hair follicles. Herein, we prepared hydrogels via dropwise addition of poly(γ-glutamic acid) (PGA) solution containing 4HGF into chitosan (CS) solution, resulting in quick formation of ~400 nm-sized hydrogel particles through electrostatic interaction-derived ionic gelation with over 50% encapsulation efficiency of 4HGF (PGA-4HGF).MethodsThe size and morphology of PGA-4HGF were characterized by TEM, SEM, and dynamic light scattering analyses. Encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity of 4HGF within PGA-4HGF, as well as in vitro release profiles were determined by simply measuring the characteristic absorbance of 4HGF. Penetrating efficiency of PGA-4HGF was evaluated by tracking the respective fluorescence through model porcine skin with confocal laser microscope system. By treating PGA-4HGF on telogenic mice and dermal papilla cells (DPCs), we evaluated the size of hair bulbs in mice, as well as morphological changes in DPCs.ResultsNegligible and sustained release of entrapped 4HGF from the hydrogel nanoparticles were observed under acidic and physiological pH conditions, respectively, which is quite advantageous to control their release and prolong their hair growth-promoting effect. The hydrogel nanoparticles were penetrable through the porcine skin after incubation with or without shaking. After treating telogenic mice and DPCs with PGA-4HGF, we detected enlargement of hair bulbs and remarkable shape changes, respectively, thereby showing its potential in induction of hair growth.ConclusionThese results suggest that the hydrogel nanoparticle formulation developed in this study can be employed as a potential approach for the preservation of hair growth-promoting compounds, their delivery of into hair follicles, and enhancing hair growth.

Herbal nanocosmecuticals: A review on cosmeceutical innovation

“…Enlargement of hair bulbs and noteworthy shape alterations in telogenic mice and dermal papilla cells after treatment with PGA‐4HGF, demonstrate its potential in inducing hair development. Nanoparticles were used for the safeguarding and conveyance of this extract to the hair bulb and to enhance their growth 32 …”

Copper Modulates Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation to Enhance Dermal Papilla Cells Proliferation in Rex Rabbits

“…Glutamic acid has an important role in hair growth and the proliferation of HF cells as an essential nutrient for DP and hair matrix cells. [ 33 , 34 , 35 ] N -acetyl aspartate is an important source of amino acids and acetates in the mammalian brain [ 36 ], and it is synthesized from aspartate and acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) by the enzyme l -aspartate- N -acetyltransferase [ 37 ]. Acetyl-CoA is an important intermediate metabolite that is the hub of sugar, lipid, and protein metabolism [ 38 ].…”

Polyglutamate: Unleashing the Versatility of a Biopolymer for Cosmetic Industry Applications

“…This biopolymer's unique characteristics, including its humectant properties, moisture retention abilities, and biocompatibility, position it as a compelling candidate for addressing various hair-related concerns. The multifaceted advantages of PGA in hair care have garnered significant attention, prompting thorough investigations and cementing its role in this domain [81,95].…”