<p>Peri-Operative Factors Affecting Blood Transfusion Requirements During PCNL: A Retrospective Non-Randomized Study</p>

Abstract

Background Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is accepted as the gold standard of care for the treatment of large renal calculi. Kidney hemorrhage, which requires blood transfusion, is one of the most common complications after percutaneous kidney stone surgery. Objective To evaluate perioperative factors associated with transfusion requirements during PCNL. Materials and Methods A total of 226 patients with kidney calculi undergoing PCNL between January 2011 and December 2019 were reviewed retrospectively. We analyzed the impact of perioperative clinical factors on the necessity of blood transfusion during PCNL. Results The overall blood transfusion rate was 9.29%. Multiple perioperative determinants were significantly correlated with the application of packed red blood cells (PRCs), including larger stone size (p = 0.006), multiple tract punctures (p = 0.029), presence of staghorn calculi (p = 0.026), and long operative time (OT; p = 0.017). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that only multiple tract punctures independently affected blood transfusion requirements during PCNL (p = 0.038). Conclusion In accordance with the present study, only the multiple tract punctures were associated with blood transfusion requirements in PCNL.

The Prophylaxis Effect of Ephedrine on Hemodynamic Variation in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Surgery with Spinal Anesthesia

“…Tis was probably due to less stone bulk in our study than in Elnagar et al [19] study, which was 34.2 ± 9.8 mm. It has been reported that the blood transfusion rate during PCNL is about 3.5%-9.29% [21,22]. Jain et al investigated prophylactic phenylephrine and ephedrine infusion during spinal anesthesia for an emergency cesarean.…”

Implementation of Supine Percutaneous Nephroscopic Surgery to Remove an Upward Migration of Ureteral Catheter in Infancy: A Case Report

“…In particular, the use of large equipment in pediatric kidneys may result in renal parenchymal destruction, a decline in glomerular filtration rate, and it may invoke major complications including sepsis, hydrothorax, septicemia, and kidney hemorrhage that may require blood transfusion. 6 , 7 Moreover, the major disadvantage of the prone position in PNS is presumably the complexities and difficulties with respiration management for the anesthesiologist. We decided to perform the procedure in the GMSV position to ensure safe access to the airway.…”

External Validation of the S.T.O.N.E. Score in Predicting Stone-Free Status After Rigid Ureteroscopic Lithotripsy

“…Moreover, the incidence of postoperative surgical complications can be associated with multiple variables, such as complexity of the procedure, patient characteristics, and the surgeon's case volume. [11][12][13][14] Scoring systems or nomograms were developed using the aforementioned variables in order to assess procedural complexity and predict outcomes, which helps with risk assessment for patient counseling, surgery 150 preparation, prediction of the postoperative phase, and standardized reporting of the outcome measures. Generally, a clinical scoring system should be easy to calculate and utilize rapidly, without significant training or specialized software.…”