<p>On-treatment improvement of an emerging psychosomatic depressive disorder among salmonella carriers: a multicenter experience from Egypt</p>

Abstract

BackgroundAs physicians in a referral hospital, we observed the association between history of enteric fever and somatic disorders associated with low mood. At the Al-Hussein University Hospital, Cairo and the National Liver Institute Hospital, Menoufia, we receive patients from all over Egypt, including rural areas where enteric fever is endemic.AimHere in, 60 Egyptian patients referred to us for evaluation of different somatic disorders are reported.MethodsAfter extensive evaluations, the patients’ symptoms were function-related. Also, their typhoid carrier states were documented, and the severity of depression using Hamilton-D (HAM-D) questionnaire was evaluated and recorded. All patients were treated with ceftriaxone, 2 gm, IV, daily for 15 days. The clinical evaluation and Hamilton score were reassessed at the end of the treatment and 6 weeks thereafter. The patients did not receive any anti-depressant nor anti-anxiety treatment during their course. Typhoid carrier was defined by documenting the history of typhoid fever that was diagnosed by culturing the Salmonella species, and not by serology, isolated from stool culture along with febrile condition, plus the absence of fever in the past 3 weeks. The Widal test was not accepted as a criterion for enrollment.ResultsPatients showed clinically significant improvement in the somatic complaints, and their HAM-D score immediately post-treatment that was consolidated for 6 weeks post-treatment completion.ConclusionIn this study, the typhoid carrier was associated with the psychosomatic depression that improved by antibiotic therapy.

Role of resistin, IL-6 and NH2-terminal portion proBNP in the pathogenesis of cardiac disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus

“…The high serum level of IL-6 had a predictive function in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and cardiac complications in patients with diabetes. [26][27][28][29][30][31] Also, Cheng et al 32 found that increased plasma concentrations of resistin were strongly associated with subsequent development of heart failure. The association of resistin with heart failure persisted after adjustment for established heart failure risk factors, obesity, markers of insulin resistance and inflammation, and concentrations of NT-proBNP, and after exclusion of prevalent and incident CHD.…”

Examining the Relationships between the Incidence of Infectious Diseases and Mood Disorders: An Analysis of Data from the Global Burden of Disease Studies, 1990–2019

“…Several case reports have suggested a possible causal association between enteric (typhoid) fever and both BD and MDD [ 77 , 78 , 79 ]. A recent study from Egypt extended these findings by documenting MDD in asymptomatic carriers of Salmonella typhi , which improved after antibiotic therapy without a need for concurrent antidepressant medication [ 80 ]. In addition, a study of psychiatric inpatients from Ethiopia found evidence of intestinal parasitic infections in 15% of patients with MDD and 9% of patients with BD [ 81 ].…”