<p>MicroRNAs and Risk Factors for Diabetic Nephropathy in Egyptian Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes</p>

Abstract

Point your SmartPhone at the code above. If you have a QR code reader the video abstract will appear. Or use: https://youtu.be/f5M4-ruLFPo Purpose: Currently available markers for early detection of diabetic nephropathy (DN), the leading cause of end stage renal disease, have some limitations. There is insufficient evidence from previous studies about the role of several circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) in the early development of DN. This study aimed to describe the expression of miRNA-377, miRNA-93, miRNA-25, miRNA-216a, and miRNA-21 in a sample of type 1 diabetic children and adolescents to explore their association with DN and some indices of kidney injury. Patients and Methods: Seventy type 1 diabetic patients, with 5 years' duration of diabetes or more, were recruited from Children's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University. Quantitative real-time reverse-transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to measure the expression of the above mentioned miRNAs in serum and to assess its association with DN, and the studied risk factors. Results: There was a significantly higher percentage of up-regulation of miRNA-377 and miRNA-93 (P=0.03, 0.02, respectively) in addition to significant down-regulation of miRNA-25 (P=0.01) in patients with DN than in patients without DN. In patients with DN, expression of miR-216a was significantly negatively correlated with creatinine (r=−0.4, P=0.04) and positively correlated with eGFR using creatinine (r=0.5, P=0.03). In the same group, expression of miR-21 was positively correlated with urinary cystatin C (r=0.6, P=0.01) and was negatively correlated with e-GFR using cystatin c (r=−0.6, P=0.01). miRNA-93 was associated with increased risk (odds ratio=15, 95% CI=12.03-24.63, P=0.01), while miRNA-25 was associated with decreased risk for albuminuria (odds ratio=0.15, 95% CI=0.08-0.55, P=0.03). Conclusion: miRNA-377, miRNA-93, miRNA-216a, and miRNA-21 may be implicated in the pathogenesis of DN, while miRNA-25 may have a reno-protective role. More studies are needed to document the value of these miRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers as well as therapeutic targets in DN.

Differential Expression of lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA and Their Related Functional Networks in New-Onset Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus among Chinese Rural Adults

“…Moreover, the IL-6 could downregulate miR-200s, thereby inhibiting PI3K/AKT/GSK pathway activation and glycogen synthesis [ 31 ]. Similarly, miR-25, which acts as an antioxidant and as anti-apoptotic by activating the PTEN/Akt pathway, was downregulated in diabetics [ 15 ]. Furthermore, the results suggested that lncRNA MEG8 was downregulated in T2DM.…”

“…MiR-375 can reduce insulin secretion by directly targeting 3′-phosphatidylinositol-dependent kinase 1 mRNA, which was a critical molecule in the intracellular phosphatidylinositol kinase (PI3K) pathway [ 14 ]. A recent study in Egyptian children found that miR-25 exerted antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects through activating the PTEN/Akt pathway and was downregulated in diabetics [ 15 ]. In addition, lncRNA- p3134 was reported to have an important role in insulin signaling and glucose metabolism in pancreatic β cell in adults from Guangzhou, China [ 16 ].…”

Approaching Gravity as a Continuum Using the Rat Partial Weight-Bearing Model

“…The recent development of –omics and the public availability of numerous data sets from NASA GeneLab [ 173 ], allowed for some new discoveries including the importance of miRNAs. MiRNAs are small non-coding RNA molecules that are largely conserved throughout species and act as RNA-silencer, thus able to regulate post-transcriptional gene expression [ 174 ]; and can be associated with pathological conditions including cancer [ 175 , 176 , 177 ], diabetes [ 178 , 179 ], cardiovascular diseases [ 180 ], and viral infection [ 181 ]. Recent work has shown that both real and simulated spaceflight lead to an increased expression of several circulating miRNAs, now considered as a space-signature [ 172 , 182 ], and that antagomir supplementation could constitute preventive countermeasures for astronauts.…”

Pediatric Diabetic Nephropathy: Novel Insights from microRNAs

“…To date, most evidence in this attractive research area is based on adult [ 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 ] and in vitro studies [ 27 , 28 , 41 , 42 ], while similar pediatric data are still limited [ 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 ]. Due to the urgent need for early identification of DN and of the fragmentariness of data in the field in childhood, we attempted to provide a comprehensive pediatric overview on the challenging role of miRNAs in DN.…”