<p>Metabolic Syndrome and Prediabetes Among Yemeni School-Aged Children</p>

Abstract

In view of the high rate of obesity and physical inactivity as well as the rising incidence of Type 2 DM among children in the neighboring Gulf countries and Middle East region; the aim of this study was, therefore, to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and prediabetes in Yemeni school-aged children. Patients and Methods: In this study, 1402 school children aged 12-13 years old (grade 7) were recruited from public schools in the capital Sana'a during the period April-May 2013. Anthropometric measurements and BP were recorded and BMI was calculated. Fasting venous blood (5 mL) was collected for biochemical analysis including FBG, HbA1c, insulin and lipids profile. Insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and β-cell function (HOMA-β) were calculated. Results: The prevalence of prediabetes (as defined by impaired fasting glucose) and MetS (as classified by the IDF 2007) were 0.86% and 0.5%, respectively. Our results also showed 5.21% and 20.26% of the children to have two or one factor(s) of the MetS criteria fulfilled, respectively, with low HDL-c (17%) being the most prevalent MetS component, followed by metabolic glucose (8%), raised TG (5.3%), DBP (1.4%), and high WC (0.5%). Moreover, the prevalence of overweight and obesity was 4.2% and 2.8%, respectively; and about 1.2% of children had abnormal high insulin levels. Children with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) had increased HOMA-IR (p = 0.016) and SBP (p = 0.042) and decreased HDL-c (p = 0.034) and HOMA-β (p < 0.001); whereas obese children had increased WC (p < 0.001) and TG (p = 0.049). Conclusion: The main finding of this study is that Yemeni children are at potential risk of obesity, metabolic syndrome and prediabetes despite their low prevalences. These results highlight the need for early identification and close monitoring of children at risk of later Type 2 DM as an important primary care strategy that can effectively prevent or delay the onset of such condition.

Dietary diversity in primary schoolchildren of south-central Côte d’Ivoire and risk factors for non-communicable diseases

“…These children are at increased risk of developing diabetes in later life [ 64 ]. The prevalence of prediabetic status found in our study is higher than the one (0.9%) reported in Yemen in a sample of 1,402 children aged 12–13 years [ 65 ]. In our study, prediabetes was statistically significantly associated with malaria infection status, medium and high DDS.…”

Family History, Consanguinity and Other Risk Factors Affecting the Prevalence of Prediabetes and Undiagnosed Diabetes Mellitus in Overweight and Obese Yemeni Adults

“…9 A recent study performed on Yemeni school-aged children who were 12-13 years old showed that the prevalence of prediabetes as defined by an IFG was 0.86%. 10 In neighboring countries such as Saudi Arabia, abnormal glucose metabolism in children and adolescents exceeds 10%. 11 In our study, we studied high-risk adults who were overweight or obese with a family history of diabetes in first-degree relatives and some with parents with DM and related conditions.…”

International View on Preventive Measures to Combat the Metabolic Syndrome Development in Children

“…Высокий уровень ожирения и недостаточности физической активности, а также рост заболеваемости сахарным диабетом 2-го типа в педиатрической популяции в странах Персидского залива и Ближневосточного регио на диктует необходимость проведения новых исследований в сфере профилактических мер по борьбе с развитием МС у детей [7]. Целью работы W. Saeed и соавт.…”

“…Целью работы W. Saeed и соавт. было изучение распространенности МС у детей школьного возраста в Йемене [7]. Основным выводом данного исследования является то, что дети подвержены потенциальному риску ожирения, МС и преддиабета, несмотря на их низкую выявляемость.…”

“…Основным выводом данного исследования является то, что дети подвержены потенциальному риску ожирения, МС и преддиабета, несмотря на их низкую выявляемость. Результаты указанной работы подчеркивают необходимость раннего выявления МС и тщательного наблюдения за детьми, подверженными риску, что является важным этапом формирования стратегии оказания первичной медицинской помощи, которая будет способствовать эффективному предотвращению развития МС в педиатрической популяции [7].…”