<p>Manganese dioxide nanosheets: from preparation to biomedical applications</p>

Abstract

Advancements in nanotechnology and molecular biology have promoted the development of a diverse range of models to intervene in various disorders (from diagnosis to treatment and even theranostics). Manganese dioxide nanosheets (MnO 2 NSs), a typical two-dimensional (2D) transition metal oxide of nanomaterial that possesses unique structure and distinct properties have been employed in multiple disciplines in recent decades, especially in the field of biomedicine, including biocatalysis, fluorescence sensing, magnetic resonance imaging and cargo-loading functionality. A brief overview of the different synthetic methodologies for MnO 2 NSs and their state-of-the-art biomedical applications is presented below, as well as the challenges and future perspectives of MnO 2 NSs.

Integrating gold nanoclusters, folic acid and reduced graphene oxide for nanosensing of glutathione based on “turn-off” fluorescence

“…Particularly, manganese dioxide (MnO 2 ) nanosheets are usually selected as GSH biosensors, owing to their excellent colloidal stability, absorption capability, redox chemistry and biocompatibility 22 – 24 . However, toxicity studies of MnO 2 nanosheets in the biological environment are still in the preliminary stage 25 , 26 . Although previous reports on GSH sensing using fluorescence methods were claimed as cost-effective and highly sensitive, however, those methods involve complicated experimental procedures and are time-consuming 27 – 29 .…”

Design and Development of Hybrid Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications: Recent Trends in Anticancer Drug Delivery and Tissue Engineering

“…In addition, the hydrogel showed good tissue adhesion because of the presence of phenolic hydroxyl groups of the caffeic acid in the system. As the tumor microenvironment possess high concentration of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), the manganese dioxide nanosheet hybrid hydrogel catalyzed the H 2 O 2 decomposition and generated oxygen, thus the tumors' cells hypoxic condition was overcome, sensitivity of cancer cells to anticancer drugs was improved, and the melanoma cells growth was effectively inhibited by combining with the emerging photothermal treatment (Wu M. et al, 2019 ).…”

External and Internal Stimuli-Responsive Metallic Nanotherapeutics for Enhanced Anticancer Therapy

“…The physical and chemical properties of manganese oxide (MnO 2 ) nanoparticles have made them vital MNPs for biomedical applications. MnO 2 nanoparticles demonstrate greater optical properties, potent oxidizing capability, and strong absorption, enhancing their utility in cancer applications (Wu et al, 2019b ). MnO 2 nanoparticle compositions such as MnO, Mn 5 O 8 , Mn 2 O 3 , Mn 3 O 4 , and MnO 2 have been investigated in cancer therapy.…”

“…MnO 2 nanoparticle compositions such as MnO, Mn 5 O 8 , Mn 2 O 3 , Mn 3 O 4 , and MnO 2 have been investigated in cancer therapy. Various MnO 2 nanoparticle compositions have been synthesized using different protocols, allowing broad applications such as imaging, phototherapy, catalytic activity, and drug delivery (Wu et al, 2019b ). Furthermore, MnO 2 nanoparticles possess remarkable oxidizing properties that can improve the hypoxic tumor environment.…”