<p>LncRNA RNF144A-AS1 Promotes Bladder Cancer Progression via RNF144A-AS1/miR-455-5p/SOX11 Axis</p>

Abstract

Background Bladder cancer (BC) is the most commonly occurring malignant tumor of the urinary system worldwide. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), including lncRNA RNF144A-AS1 (RNF144A-AS1), perform an oncogenic role in BC progression. However, how RNF144A-AS1 is regulated in BC has not been fully investigated, and its role in BC is mostly obscure. In this study, we explore its role in BC progression. Materials and Methods The expression level of RNF144A-AS1 in BC tissues was explored via bioinformatics analysis and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). We used RNF144A-AS1 siRNA (si-RNF144A-AS1) to inhibit the RNF144A-AS1 level in BC cell lines (J82 and 5637 cells). A series of experimental studies in vitro (CCK-8 assay, colony formation assay and Transwell assay) was performed to explore the role of si-RNF144A-AS1 on the proliferation, migration and invasion of J82 and 5637 cells. A BC xenograft model was established, and the effect of si-RNF144A-AS1 on xenograft growth was explored in vivo. The interactions among RNF144A-AS1, miR-455-5p and SOX11 were predicted by bioinformatics miRanda and Targetscan database, and verified by the luciferase reporter assay and RNA pull-down assay. Finally, miR-455-5p inhibitor and si-RNF144A-AS1 were cotransfected into J82 and 5637 cells. Results RNF144A-AS1 is overexpressed in BC tumors and cells, and its overexpression is correlated with poor prognosis. Knockdown of RNF144A-AS1 markedly suppressed the proliferation, migration and invasion of J82 and 5637 cells and significantly inhibited xenograft growth in nude mice, compared to si-NC. We found that RNF144A-AS1 serves as a sponge for miR-455-5p. Furthermore, a binding site of miR-455-5p was found in 3ʹ UTR of SOX11 gene, and overexpression of miR-455-5p suppressed SOX11 levels. RNF144A-AS1 knockdown markedly decreased SOX11 expression levels, while miR-455-5p inhibitor restored this repressive effect. Restoration of SOX11 could reverse this repressive effect of RNF144A-AS1 on cell proliferation, migration and invasion abilities. Conclusion Overall, our findings underline the critical role of RNF144A-AS1 in BC development, and our study reveals for the first time that RNF144A-AS1 promotes BC progression via the RNF144A-AS1/miR-455-5p/SOX11 axis.

Upregulation of 15 Antisense Long Non-Coding RNAs in Osteosarcoma

“…According to some studies RNF144A-AS1, also known as GRASLND, is highly expressed in bladder cancer, and overexpression of the transcript is correlated with poor prognosis. The same study also observed that the knockdown of RNF144A-AS1 eventually inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in J82 and 5637 cell lines, in addition xenograft growth of cells was reduced compared to negative control in nude mice [46,47]. Another study highlighted RNF144A-AS1 as an important regulator of mesenchymal stem cell chondrogenesis [48].…”

RNF144A-AS1, a TGF-β1- and hypoxia-inducible gene that promotes tumor metastasis and proliferation via targeting the miR-30c-2-3p/LOX axis in gastric cancer

“…RNF144A-AS1, also named as Glycosaminoglycan Regulatory Associated Long Non-coding RNA (GRASLND), was first identified as a regulator of mesenchymal stem cell chondrogenesis [ 36 ]. In bladder cancer (BCa), it was reported that an RNF144A-AS1-based nomogram could effectively predict the prognosis of patients with BCa, and RNF144A-AS1 could promote proliferation, migration, and invasion of bladder cancer cells [ 37 , 38 ]. Consistent with above researches, our study also detected an increased expression of RNF144A-AS1 in GC tissues and also suggested strong associations of RNF144A-AS1 with poor prognosis and later-stage diseases in patients with GC.…”

Biological functions and clinical significance of long noncoding RNAs in bladder cancer

“…ZNFX1-AS1 targeting miR-193a-3p/SDC1 regulates cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of BCa cells [ 47 ]. RNF144A-AS1 enhances the malignant behaviors of BCa cells via the miR-455-5p/SOX11 axis [ 48 ]. TUG1 inhibits miR-29c expression to promote cancer cell proliferation, metastasis [ 49 ].…”