<p>Level of Good Adherence on Option B+ PMTCT and Associated Factors Among HIV Positive Pregnant and Lactating Mothers in Public Health Facilities of Ilu Abba Bor and Buno Bedele Zones, Oromia Regional State, Southwestern Ethiopia, 2018</p>

Abstract

Background: PMTCT programs help safe delivery practices and recommended infant feeding, as well as providing ART for infants exposed to HIV after birth for prevention and effective treatment. PMTCT service helps to reduce about 1.4 million HIV infections among children between 2010 and 2018. This study aimed to assess the good adherence level and associated factors of option B+ PMTCT among HIV-positive pregnant and lactating women in public health facilities of Ilu Abba Bor and Buno Bedele zones, Oromia regional state, Southwestern Ethiopia 2018. Methodology: Institutional-based cross-sectional study design was implemented to investigate the level of good adherence to option B+ PMTCT and possible predictors. A simple random sampling technique was used to interview a total of 180 mothers using the interviewer-guided questionnaire for data collection. Data were entered into EpiData version 3.1 and analyzed by SPSS version 23.0 statistical software. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were computed to identify and see the relative effect of predictors on the outcome variable. Results: In this study, 146 (81.1%) of the study participants had good adherence to PMTCT option B+. Women who received social and financial support from friends, family members, and partners had good adherence to PMTCT option B+ than their counterparts. Similarly, women who disclosed their HIV status to others had good adherence than those who did not expose their status to their friends and parents. Conclusion and Recommendation: This study identified the overall level of PMTCT option B+ adherence level in the study area to be good compared to the national and some other findings. Providing support and encouraging a woman for disclosing their HV status for partners and families are very important to increase the adherence level of option B+.

Level of adherence to option B+ program and associated factors among HIV-positive women in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

“…According to this meta-analysis study, three primary articles [ 32 – 34 ] showed that social and financial support was positively associated with adherence to the Option B+ program. The odds of adhering to the Option B+ program were 3.44 times (AOR = 3.73, 95% CI: 2.12, 6.58) higher among those who received social and financial support when compared to their counterparts.…”

“…Four primary articles reported that disclosure of HIV status to their partner was significantly associated with adherence to the Option B+ program [ 32 , 33 , 36 , 40 ]. Women who disclosed their HIV status to their partner were two times (AOR = 2.05, 95% CI: 1.75, 2.41) more likely to adhere to the Option B+ program than those women who had not disclosed their HIV status to their partner.…”

Adherence to option B+ PMTCT program and its predictors among HIV‐positive women in Ethiopia. A systematic review and meta‐analysis

“…Six of the studies, 20,31–35 involved only HIV‐positive pregnant women whereas the remaining six studies, 13,14,19,25,36,37 included both pregnant and lactating mothers living with HIV. Adherence was measured by the self‐report method in eight studies 13,14,19,20,32–35 . Whereas the remaining four studies employed both self‐report and pill count methods to measure adherence 25,31,36,37 .…”

“…The sample size of included studies ranged from 103 31 to 350 14 . Six of the studies, 20,31–35 involved only HIV‐positive pregnant women whereas the remaining six studies, 13,14,19,25,36,37 included both pregnant and lactating mothers living with HIV. Adherence was measured by the self‐report method in eight studies 13,14,19,20,32–35 .…”

“…Poor ART adherence leads to a higher risk of MTCT, less effective viral suppression, increased maternal HIV/AIDS‐related morbidity and mortality, and enhances the development of drug resistance 7,15,16 . Women's adherence to ART is predicted by different factors like educational status, disclosure of HIV status, presence of social and family support, experience of drug side effects, fear of stigma, level of partner involvement, counseling, and knowledge about PMTCT 11,13,17–21 . However, the importance of these determinants varies between studies.…”