&lt;p&gt;Is Handgrip Strength a Useful Measure to Evaluate Lower Limb Strength and Functional Performance in Older Women?&lt;/p&gt;

Rodacki, André Luíz Félix; Moreira, Natália Boneti; Pitta, Arthur; Wolf, Renata; Filho, Jarbas Melo; Rodacki, Cintia de Lourdes Nahhas; Pereira, Gléber

doi:10.2147/cia.s253262

Cited by 31 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…To date, the handgrip evaluation represents the most common test used to measure this physical capacity [63] due to its high affordability, portability, simplicity, and test-retest repeatability [64]. Nevertheless, to obtain an overall indicator of strength, some investigations have suggested the need to complement this test with specific evaluations of the lower-limb muscles (e.g., isometric knee extension) [65][66][67]. The present study found that individuals suffering from (pre-) sarcopenia or (pre-) frailty significantly improved both handgrip (ES = 0.51, p = 0.001) and lower-limb (ES = 0.93, p < 0.001) strength after a training intervention based on resistance exercises.…”

Section: Muscular Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These findings could be strongly related to the significant lower-limb strength gains (Figure 3). Since the lower-limb muscles (e.g., knee extensors) are mainly responsible for actions such as chair rising or walking [68][69][70], the increment of strength in these structures could have been positively transferred into the physical function. In turn, these improvements in physical function can potentially reduce the dependency situation of older adults, thus increasing their quality of life [71] and decreasing the public health costs [72,73].…”

Section: Physical Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Benefits of Resistance Training in Early and Late Stages of Frailty and Sarcopenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Studies

Talar

Hernández-Belmonte

Vetrovsky

et al. 2021

JCM

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Sarcopenia and frailty are age-related syndromes with negative effects on the quality of life of older people and on public health costs. Although extensive research has been carried out on the effects of physical exercise and physical syndromes, there is a knowledge gap when it comes to the effect of resistance training on muscular strength, physical performance, and body composition at early (prevention) and late (treatment) stages in both syndromes combined. We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis (CRD42019138253) to gather the evidence of randomized controlled trials examining the effects of resistance training programs lasting ≥ 8 weeks on strength, physical function, and body composition of adults ≥65 years old diagnosed with pre-sarcopenia, sarcopenia, pre-frailty, or frailty. A search from the earliest record up to and including December 2020 was carried out using the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases. A total of 25 studies (n = 2267 participants) were included. Meta-analysis showed significant changes in favour of resistance training for handgrip (ES = 0.51, p = 0.001) and lower-limb strength (ES = 0.93, p < 0.001), agility (ES = 0.78, p = 0.003), gait speed (ES = 0.75, p < 0.001), postural stability (ES = 0.68, p = 0.007), functional performance (ES = 0.76, p < 0.001), fat mass (ES = 0.41, p = 0.001), and muscle mass (ES = 0.29, p = 0.002). Resistance training during early stages had positive effects in all variables during early stages (ES > 0.12), being particularly effective in improving gait speed (ES = 0.63, p = 0.016) and functional strength (ES = 0.53, p = 0.011). Based on these results, resistance training should be considered as a highly effective preventive strategy to delay and attenuate the negative effects of sarcopenia and frailty in both early and late stages.

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Section: Muscular Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Physical Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benefits of Resistance Training in Early and Late Stages of Frailty and Sarcopenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Studies

Talar

Hernández-Belmonte

Vetrovsky

et al. 2021

JCM

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“…Although the handgrip strength served as an independent predictor to assess ADL performance, it is not a useful measurement to evaluate lower-extremity strength [34]. Our results further validate that the handgrip strength test is not suitable to detect early LS (stage ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Sit-to-stand movement score and locomo-age to detect locomotive syndrome in older adults

Yamako¹,

Punchihewa²,

Arakawa³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background Aging is characterized by biological changes, such as reductions in muscle strength and the loss of mobility and balance. The Japanese Orthopaedic Association proposed the term “locomotive syndrome” (LS) to define people at risk of requiring nursing care because of problems with locomotive system. A need exists to develop simple methods to quantify motor performance and allow the early detection of LS. Sit-to-stand (STS) movements are a mechanically demanding daily task and represent motor performance. Using the Nintendo Wii Balance Board (WBB), we have developed a novel method to quantify STS movements—the “STS score.” This study investigated differences in the STS score across LS severity in healthy older adults. To recognize motor performance easily, we then defined the “locomo-age” to represent the individual’s age based on the LS status.Methods We investigated whether the STS score can predict LS. This study enrolled 152 participants of 65 years and above. Participants were divided into three groups based on LS risk test results. Participants were instructed to stand up as quickly as possible on the WBB, and the STS score was calculated based on the combination of the speed and balance indices. We also evaluated motor status by calculating the peak power during STS and performing a timed up and go test and handgrip strength test. To calculate locomo-age, we used a regression equation between STS scores and age from a data set in our previous study.Results The LS stage was increased significantly with age, whereas the association with body mass index was not significant. The STS score and timed up and go results were good indicators to detect LS. However, neither peak power nor handgrip strength could significantly distinguish between the LS stages.Conclusions Measurement of the LS is important to assess older adults’ motor performance. The novel STS score is an easy-to-use method that requires limited space and only one person to operate. The STS score decreased significantly with the LS severity and thus could be used to assess LS in older adults. The locomo-age of the STS score is useful to understand the LS status.

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“…The average value was calculated after the second measurement. Handgrip strength of the dominant hand was measured by handgrip dynamometer (JAMAR@Plus) for 3 times, and the maximum handgrip strength was taken for analysis [ 11 , 12 ]. Participants stood with their feet shoulder width apart and the calf circumference around the most prominent part of the gastrocnemius muscle was measured (accurate to 0.1 cm).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Handgrip strength of the dominant hand was measured by handgrip dynamometer (JAMAR@Plus) for 3 times, and the maximum handgrip strength was taken for analysis [ 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The correlation between nutrition and frailty and the receiver operating characteristic curve of different nutritional indexes for frailty

Liang

Lin

et al. 2021

BMC Geriatr

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Background Frailty is a kind of geriatric syndrome, which is very common in the elderly. Patients with malnutrition are at higher risk of frailty. This study explored the correlation between nutrition and frailty and compared the receiver operating characteristic curve of different nutritional indexes for frailty. Methods This cross-sectional study included 179 inpatients aged ≥65 years old. Frailty was measured using Fried Frailty Phenotype, handgrip strength was measured using JAMAR@Plus and the 4.57 m usual gait speed was measured using a stopwatch. Comprehensive nutritional assessment refers to the application of Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) to assess the nutritional status of patients. Results Compared with the non-frailty group, the upper arm circumference, calf circumference, hemoglobin, albumin, prealbumin, cholesterol and low density lipoprotein in the frailty group were lower (P < 0.05). Comprehensive nutritional assessment, whether as a categorical variable or a continuous variable, was significantly correlated with frailty (P < 0.05). Model1 showed that the risk of frailty in malnourished patients was 3.381 times higher than that in well nourished patients (P = 0.036). Model2 showed that the risk of frailty decreased by 13.8% for every 1 point increase in MNA score (P = 0.009). The area under the curves of albumin, prealbumin and hemoglobin was larger (AUC > 0.65), AUC was 0.718, 0.693 and 0.743, respectively. Conclusions Our results suggest that malnutrition is closely related to frailty. As for single nutritional indexes, albumin, prealbumin and hemoglobin were found to be associated with frailty. Further cohort studies are needed to verify their ability to screen for frailty.

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<p>Is Handgrip Strength a Useful Measure to Evaluate Lower Limb Strength and Functional Performance in Older Women?</p>

Cited by 31 publications

References 59 publications

Benefits of Resistance Training in Early and Late Stages of Frailty and Sarcopenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Studies

Benefits of Resistance Training in Early and Late Stages of Frailty and Sarcopenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Studies

Sit-to-stand movement score and locomo-age to detect locomotive syndrome in older adults

The correlation between nutrition and frailty and the receiver operating characteristic curve of different nutritional indexes for frailty

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