2020
DOI: 10.2147/opto.s257081
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<p>Historical Development, Applications and Advances in Materials Used in Spectacle Lenses and Contact Lenses</p>

Abstract: Lenses used in vision correction have evolved from the initial glass reading stone of the 10th century to the currently anticipated planar metalens made from "nanopillars" of titanium dioxide. With ideas from early scientific minds being translated into reality, and military commissioned concepts adapted for civilian use, spectacle lens and contact lens materials have progressed significantly over the last century, with the expectation of further lens material innovations ahead. The purpose of this article is … Show more

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Cited by 19 publications
(15 citation statements)
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“…In 1936, a hybrid contact lens was designed, consisting of a central glass part corresponding to the cornea and a peripheral scleral PMMA portion. After this, the scleral lenses were created from PMMA for both central (corneal) and peripheral (scleral) portion [1]. After PMMA was found to cause corneal hypoxia, new materials were created.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…In 1936, a hybrid contact lens was designed, consisting of a central glass part corresponding to the cornea and a peripheral scleral PMMA portion. After this, the scleral lenses were created from PMMA for both central (corneal) and peripheral (scleral) portion [1]. After PMMA was found to cause corneal hypoxia, new materials were created.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Further improvements included the addition of other components, such as styrene and fluorine, to improve biocompatibility, leading to the development of fluorosilicone acrylate material in 1987. GP contact lenses are usually created from fluorosilicone acrylates, have been and are still used for the treatment of keratoconus, for the correction of high astigmatism and in orthokeratology [1,2].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The materials used for contact lens manufacturing are usually composed of polymer-hydrogel or silicone-hydrogel. CL were initially created from glass until the introduction of polymethylmethacrylate in the 1930s [ 1 ].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Gas permeable materials are typically produced from fluorosilicone acrylates. Gas permeable contact lenses are used for keratoconus treatment, for correcting high astigmatism, and are also used in orthokeratology [ 1 ].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…To date, the most promising tool is the incorporation of active principles into contact lenses [ 7 , 8 , 9 ]. Although the primary use of contact lenses is related to the correction of ametropia, there is a growing interest in their application as therapeutic devices for several purposes: Maintaining corneal epithelial hydration, relieving eye pain, promoting corneal healing, as well as controlled drug administration for the treatment of ocular diseases [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%