<p>Examining How Formal Leadership Development Programs Positively Influence Hospital Leaders’ Individual Competencies and Organizational Outcomes – An Evidence-Based Literature Review</p>

Abstract

Background: Leadership development programs (LDPs) are known to be educational and valuable, yet time consuming and costly for a healthcare organization and participants alike. This study is aimed to determine the impact that participation in a formal LDP has on hospital managers and leaders' competencies, as well as to identify the positive organizational outcomes that can be achieved. Materials and Methods: We conducted a literature review focusing on hospital managers and leaders who participated in formal LDPs. From there, we extracted data to determine the outcomes achieved by participating in LDPs. Results: The search yielded 7420 articles, of which 23 articles were used for this literature review. Overall, there were a wide range of positive outcomes for participants of LDPs and some outcomes appeared more frequently than others. The beneficial outcome that appeared most frequently was that participants were able to gain knowledge of management and leadership roles and responsibilities which appeared 13 times. An increase in participant's confidence and communication skills appeared 10 times, respectively. The ability to network with others within the organization and an increase in job positivity and satisfaction appeared 7 times each. Discussion: LDPs provided an array of positive outcomes for hospital leaders who had participated. However, there was a lack of studies on the topic and more research is needed in order to have a better understanding of the correlation between LDPs and beneficial organizational outcomes.

Health care managers' competence in knowledge management: A scoping review

“…The identified studies that were relevant to competence in knowledge management also included three systematic reviews. A review published by Flaig et al (2020) included 23 articles, which were published between 2009 and 2019. The review by Kantanen et al (2011) review included 13 articles which were published between 2000 and 2009, while Lunden et al (2017) presented a review which included 18 articles published between 2009 and 2014.…”

“…In addition, managers have a central role in education and the continuous development of clinical practice through their influence on the associated knowledge base and ability to facilitate both organisational learning and knowledge transfer (Carr & Clarke, 2010; Kantanen et al, 2011; Karamitri et al, 2020). A leader must also be interested in facilitating and supporting nurses and professional growth (Flaig et al, 2020; Holmlund et al, 2007; Kramer et al, 2007; Lunden et al, 2017; Okonkwo et al, 2020; Oksanen et al, 2005). For example, Oksanen et al (2005) stated that the a manager who actively maintains their clinical competences will also positively influence the competences of their staff, while Harmoinen (2014) emphasized that appreciative management has a moderate connection to professional development (Harmoinen, 2014).…”

“…In addition, a manager's ability to provide genuine feedback was considered an important part of their professional competence (Kramer et al, 2007; Ollila, 2008). Thus, successful knowledge management in an organisation requires managers who take an active role in the knowledge management process as well as show an exemplary attitude towards the systematic development of competence (Flaig et al, 2020; Harmoinen, 2014; Karamitri et al, 2020; Kramer et al, 2007; Lunden et al, 2017; Okonkwo et al, 2020; Ollila, 2008).…”

“…The identified studies that were relevant to competence in knowledge management also included three systematic reviews. A review published by Flaig et al (2020) Notably, two articles included in the review by Lunden et al (2017) were included in this scoping review (Anonson et al, 2014;Carr & F I G U R E 1 Flowchart of the study selection process (Page et al, 2021) T A B L E 3 Summary of the studies included in the review Clarke, 2010). The identified systematic reviews and the current scoping review did not included other instances of duplicate article.…”

Innovative approaches in management: a key factor for the quality of health services

“…Research in the management of health services is increasingly shifting to the search for factors influencing organizational performance, focusing on organizational management and management practices as important factors (Denis & Van Gestel, 2016;Lega et al, 2013;Tsai et al, 2015). At the same time, given the rapid development of management as a science, stronger views on the need for managerial education of health leaders and their continuous acquisition of knowledge about modern management trends (Flaig et al, 2020;McAlearney, 2008;Sonnino, 2016). Savage et al (Savage et al, 2020) add that the improvement of their managerial knowledge and skills have a positive impact on the quality of care, the management of financial and operational resources and social performance.…”