<p>Evaluating the prognostic significance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in solid tumor: practice of a standardized method from the International Immuno-Oncology Biomarkers Working Group</p>

Abstract

Purpose Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) become increasingly relevant to tumor progression. This study aims to evaluate (a) methods of TILs assessment and (b) their prognostic significance in gastric cancer (GC). Methods The percentage of stromal TILs (psTIL) was reported semi-quantitatively by H&E evaluation. Herein, we screened two independent cohorts of breast cancer (n=240) and GC (n=481) for psTIL characterization. Correlations between psTIL and clinic-pathological features, as well as overall survival (OS) were further explored. Additionally, the prediction role of psTIL in GC was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis. Results TILs could be demonstrably distinguished from other stromal areas and surrounding tumor nests according to the assessment method. More importantly, it is reproducible, easily to determine, and quickly performed. In GC, a two-grade scale for psTIL was appropriate to be divided into low and high subgroups by using the median value of 10% as the threshold. High psTIL was correlated with no serosa invasion, earlier TNM stage and better survival state ( P <0.05 for all), and identified as a favorable prognostic factor both by univariate (HR: 0.734, P =0.047) and multivariate analyses (HR: 0.722, P =0.030). A beneficial OS of high psTIL was found in a linear manner with increasing TILs infiltrates associated with improved survival by Kaplan–Meier survival curve ( P =0.030) and ROC analysis (AUC: 0.432, P =0.012). Conclusion TILs provide a reproducible method for assessment that can potentially be used to guide management. The parameter psTIL could be served as an independent, favorable prognostic factor of GC.

Prognostic role of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes assessed by H&E-stained section in gastric cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Finally, we included nine publications in our study, which were published from 2000 to 2019. [33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41] The PRISMA flow chart of literature retrieval process is shown in figure 1.…”

“…Among the nine observational studies included in this meta-analysis, three were from South Korea, [33][34][35] three from China, [36][37][38] two from Japan 39 40 and one from the USA. 41 All studies were performed in a single-centre setting.…”

<p>Programmed Death-1 Receptor (PD-1) as a Potential Prognosis Biomarker for Ovarian Cancer Patients</p>

“…15 Considering the foregoing clinical trials and the drug efficiency in many cancers, including melanoma, leukemia, renal, gastric, lung, and bladder cancer, immunotherapy is also a promising approach in ovarian cancer treatment. 2,17,[29][30][31][32] Moreover, data suggest that the response to PD-1/PD-L1 pathway inhibitors may be dependent on the OC histological type. 31,33 Currently, no PD-1/PD-L1 pathway inhibitors have been approved by FDA in OC treatment.…”

Prognostic and Clinical Value of Interleukin 6 and CD45+CD14+ Inflammatory Cells with PD-L1+/PD-L2+ Expression in Patients with Different Manifestation of Ovarian Cancer

“…As shown in the literature, primary epithelial OC is characterized by PD-L1 expression only on immune system cells. In recurrent disease, the expression of PD-L1 is observed on both immune system cells and cancer cells [ 48 , 56 , 57 ]. The analysis of platinum-sensitive recurrent OC TME indicated a higher percentage of “classically activated” macrophages M1 and CD25 + Tregs in primary tumor.…”