<p>Eosinophilic gastroenteritis: diagnosis and clinical perspectives</p>

Abstract

Eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EGE) is a digestive disorder in children and adults that is characterized by eosinophilic infiltration in the stomach and intestine. The underlying molecular mechanisms predisposing to this disease are unknown, but it seems that hypersensitivity response plays a major role in its pathogenesis, as many patients have a history of seasonal allergies, food sensitivities, asthma, and eczema. Symptoms and clinical presentations vary, depending on the site and layer of the gastrointestinal wall infiltrated by eosinophils. Laboratory results, radiological findings, and endoscopy can provide important diagnostic evidence for EGE; however, the cornerstone of the diagnosis remains the histological examination of gastric and duodenal specimens for evidence of eosinophilic infiltration (>20 eosinophils per high-power field), and finally clinicians make the diagnosis in correlation with and by exclusion of other disorders associated with eosinophilic infiltration. Although spontaneous remission is reported in around 30%–40% of EGE cases, most patients require ongoing treatment. The management options for this disorder include both dietary and pharmacological approaches, with corticosteroids being the mainstay of therapy and highly effective. The subsequent course is quite variable. Some patients have no recurrences, while a few experience recurrent symptoms during or immediately after corticosteroid interruption. An alternative therapeutic armamentarium includes mast-cell stabilizers, leukotriene antagonists, antihistamines, immunomodulators, and biological agents. In this review, we provide a summary of the different diagnostic tools utilized in practice, as well as the different therapeutic approaches available for EGE management.

Understanding the Impact of Training Milestones on Adult Medical Registrar Well‐being and Health Service Workforce Security

“…Discussion: EG, first described by Kaijser in 1937 [1][2][3][4] , is a rare disease which forms part of a spectrum of disorders associated with eosinophilic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. [1][2][3][4][5] The pathophysiology of EG is unclear, although an association with atopy and hypersensitivity to food antigens has been described. [1][2][3][4][5] The disease has a slight male preponderance 1,2 and peak incidence occurs in the third to fifth decades of life.…”

“…[1][2][3][4][5] The pathophysiology of EG is unclear, although an association with atopy and hypersensitivity to food antigens has been described. [1][2][3][4][5] The disease has a slight male preponderance 1,2 and peak incidence occurs in the third to fifth decades of life. [1][2][3]5 The clinical presentation of EG varies with the layer of the gastrointestinal tract involved.…”

“…[1][2][3][4][5] The disease has a slight male preponderance 1,2 and peak incidence occurs in the third to fifth decades of life. [1][2][3]5 The clinical presentation of EG varies with the layer of the gastrointestinal tract involved. [1][2][3][4][5] Symptoms may be related to specific foods.…”

“…[1][2][3]5 The clinical presentation of EG varies with the layer of the gastrointestinal tract involved. [1][2][3][4][5] Symptoms may be related to specific foods. [1][2][3][4][5] Mucosal EG, the predominant subtype, presents with abdominal pain, vomiting and diarrhoea, through malabsorption, protein-losing enteropathy and gastrointestinal bleeding leading to iron-deficiency anaemia may occur in severe cases.…”

“…[1][2][3][4][5] Mucosal EG, the predominant subtype, presents with abdominal pain, vomiting and diarrhoea, through malabsorption, protein-losing enteropathy and gastrointestinal bleeding leading to iron-deficiency anaemia may occur in severe cases. [1][2][3]5 Muscular EG is associated with gastric outlet and/or intestinal obstruction. [1][2][3][4][5] Serosal EG is the rarest form and characterised by abdominal ascites.…”