<p>Electrical Analysis Of Normal And Diabetic Blood For Evaluation Of Aggregation And Coagulation Under Different Rheological Conditions</p>

Abstract

IntroductionErythrocyte aggregation and blood coagulation are of great interest and are still under investigation by many researchers. Erythrocytes have a direct effect on hemorheological properties. Real-time in vitro studies on blood coagulation and aggregation provide a chance to understand their mechanisms in normal and pathological conditions. Additionally, this method offers control over the physical and chemical conditions during the study.ObjectiveThe present study introduced a simple in vitro technique to study blood aggregation and coagulation under controlled conditions.MethodsThe technique used in this study is based on the measurement of the electrical properties of blood. A simple flow chamber was made from two cylinders with a gap between them. The outer cylinder remains stationary, and the inner cylinder rotates about its axis. The inner cylinder velocity is controlled by a stepper motor. Blood samples are introduced in the gap between the two cylinders. Capacitance and impedance of blood samples were recorded by two electrodes attached to the outer cylinders and in direct contact with blood.ResultsQuantitative parameters were extracted from the capacitance and impedance time courses. These parameters were used to describe the aggregation and coagulation processes under different shear rates. Strong correlations between the aggregation index and shear rate were found for normal and diabetic blood samples. Additionally, strong negative correlations of coagulation time were found for normal and diabetic blood samples. In conclusion, the electrical analysis of blood reflects well the interactions between internal blood contents.ConclusionThe parameters extracted from this technique can be used in the quantitative description of hemorheological processes under different physical conditions.

Millifluidic Nanogenerator Lab‐on‐a‐Chip Device for Blood Electrical Conductivity Monitoring at Low Frequency

“…Among the limited research studies focused on diagnosing diabetes using blood conductivity, there are conflicting findings and lack of consensus. For example, researchers such as Abdalla et al [5] argue that diabetic blood is more conductive than normal blood, while others like Elblbesy [66] imply that diabetic blood is hyperaggregated compared to control blood, suggesting that the electrical conductivity of diabetic blood could be lower than normal blood. In this study, we also observed a complex relationship between blood Glc levels and its conductivity (Figure 2h,i).…”