<p>Effect of commercial and green synthesized ZnO NPs in murine model of chloroquine-induced pruritus</p>

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) on chloroquine (CQ)-induced itching, and overall behavior of mice after oral administration of ZnO NPs of various sizes and doses. Background: With the wide-spread use of ZnO NPs in pharmaceuticals and cosmetics, concerns about their safety and toxicity are also increasing. Multiple aspects of ZnO NPs regarding cytotoxicity and tolerability are under investigation globally. Still, a clear conclusion about their safety has not been reached. Chloroquine phosphate is an antimalarial with known side effects of itching in humans and animals. In this study, CQ was used to induce itching in mice, and the effects of ZnO NPs on scratching and other neurological behavior of mice were observed. Methods: Female BALB/c mice were divided into eleven groups of six mice each. ZnO NPs of various sizes and doses were administered orally 1 hour before CQ (32 mg/kg body weight) was administered subcutaneously. The effect of ZnO NPs on CQ-induced pruritus was observed for the next 30 minutes. Simultaneously, overall behavioral changes (socialization and locomotion) were also recorded using a video camera. Results: A significant reduction ( P ˂0.001) in scratching bouts was observed at all three doses of ZnO NPs (particle sizes 100, 30 nm, and green synthesized 30 nm). Locomotion was reduced significantly ( P ˂0.001) in ZnO NPs-treated groups in comparison to normal saline and CQ group, additionally, a significant increase in socialization ( P ˂0.05) was observed in ZnO NP-treated groups as compared to CQ group. Conclusion: ZnO NPs, instead of aggravating the dermatological condition, ameliorated the pruritus. All sizes of ZnO NPs used significantly improved socialization among mice and reduced locomotion activity.

Bio synthesis, Characterization of ZnO Nanoparticles from Scoparia dulcis L. plant extract and its in-vitro Antioxidant, Acetylcholinesterase Activity

“…On the other hand, the high resolution in the image (Fig. 5b) clearly represents that ZnO NPs possess rod like morphology ranged from 2 µm to 0.5 µm (35). The reason for agglomeration can be due to the existence of phytochemical moieties on the surface of the particles or due to the experimental conditions in the synthesis like pH of the medium, temperature etc.…”

“…7). .The free ZnO NPs showed that the plant extract can lower ZnO ions and prevent them from aggregating as a result of the bio molecules acting as protective agents (35).…”

Nanomaterials applied in wound healing: mechanisms, limitations and perspectives

“…Nanomaterials are widely used in the development of topical drug delivery systems due to their superior drug-carrying properties. To increase percutaneous drug penetration, prolong the release time and reduce side effects, some analgesics, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, local anesthetics, capsaicin, and antipruritic drugs, such as glucocorticoids, have been developed as nanoemulsions, transfersomes, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) and as other systems for the treatment of pain and itching after healing.In addition, topical ZnO NPs have been observed to have anti-itch effects (Aman et al, 2019;Andreu et al, 2018;Bikkad et al, 2014;Ghiasi et al, 2019;Nafisi et al, 2018).These formulations are feasible for most kinds of wounds, such as postoperative wounds, diabetic wounds, and burn wounds. However, postherpetic neuralgia woundsare a special circumstance.…”