<p>Correlation Study of Short-Term Mental Health in Patients Discharged After Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Infection without Comorbidities: A Prospective Study</p>

Abstract

The WHO has upgraded the status of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from epidemic to global pandemic. The psychometric properties aspects of COVID-19 patients without comorbidities in the short term after discharge have not been reported. In this study, the Short Form 36 (SF-36) was used to evaluate the psychometric properties and to find relevant risk factors. Methods: The study was conducted in seven hospitals from January 2020 to April 2020. The SF-36 questionnaire was administered one month after discharge. Univariate analysis and multivariate regression model were used to analyze the risk factors of psychometric properties impairment. Results: In univariate analysis of independent risk factors, according to the comparison of whether the duration of positive nucleic acid was greater than 20 days, the positive nucleic acid duration was independently related to the decreased role-emotional value [100, IQR (66-100) vs 100, IQR (0, 100); p = 0.0156]. In addition, multivariable linear regression model showed that male sex and positive nucleic acid duration were related to decreased role-emotional value (p = 0.03< 0.05; p = 0.01< 0.05, respectively). Mental health was associated with age (p= 0.0435). Subsequently, we divided into three subgroups: less than seven days, 7 to 14 days and more than 14 days according to the positive nucleic acid duration. The results revealed that there were significant differences in the vitality value and mental health value of patients aged 46 to 69 in the subgroup where the positive nucleic acid duration longer than 14 days (p= 0.0472; p= 0.0311< 0.05, respectively). Similarly, there are also significant differences in role-emotional value in different genders (p= 0.0316). Conclusion: The study described the psychometric properties of COVID-19 patients without comorbidities shortly after discharge. Risk factors for psychometric properties damage included age, male sex, and nucleic acid duration.

Impact of Covid-19 on health-related quality of life of patients: A structured review

“…Five out of twelve studies used SF-36 tool to assess the HRQoL of patients affected by Covid-19 [ 13 , 23 , 33 , 34 ]. A 36-item Short-Form (SF-36) health survey is a generic instrument (which does not use a preference based approach) to assess the HRQoL, which is used in clinical practice and research, health policy and evaluations and general population surveys [ 39 ].…”

“…The majority of the included studies were conducted in China (3/5) and studies were mainly observational (4/5). Only three studies provided HRQoL scores of Covid-19 patients (using SF-36) [ 13 , 33 , 34 ]; one study provided combined (i.e. average total of all dimensions) HRQoL score (62.1±18.8) [ 23 ] and another study provided proportion of patients with functional and emotional impairment [ 35 ].…”

“…Long Covid (>4 weeks) [ 34 ]. The overall mean HRQoL scores of Acute Covid patients was 60.3 [ 34 ] and Long Covid patients ranged from 60.4 [ 34 ] to 86.4 [ 13 ], with higher SF-36 score representing better health ( Table 3 ). The lowest HRQoL score (60.4) was among the elderly patients (aged over 65 years) and highest HRQoL score (86.4) was with the majority of younger patients (54%, 18–46 years) and all patients were without comorbidities.…”

“…However, in Long Covid highest score was reported in different dimensions in different studies. For example, Chen et al (2020) reported highest score on physical functioning (94.2) [ 33 ]and Guo et al (2020) reported the highest score on role emotional (100%) [ 13 ]. Likewise, similar variations were found in the lowest score on different dimensions, meaning there were no pattern on the highest or lowest scores based on HRQoL dimensions ( Table 3 ).…”

“…Impacts of an illness usually go beyond its clinical outcome such as mortality and morbidity, and encompass subjective measures in terms of HRQoL [ 13 ]. HRQoL is a multi-dimensional concept that includes domains related to physical, mental, social and emotional functioning [ 14 ].…”