<p>Comparison of the efficacy of intradermal injected tranexamic acid vs hydroquinone cream in the treatment of melasma</p>

Abstract

Background Melasma is a common benign acquired pigmentary dermatosis due to a disorder in the function of the melanogenesis process. Although several treatments are currently used, it remains a great challenge. Aim The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of intradermal injected tranexamic acid (TA) vs hydroquinone (HQ) cream in the treatment of melasma. Materials and methods In this prospective split face controlled clinical trial, 49 patients were randomly divided into two groups of A (24 persons) and B (25 persons). Patients received TA intradermal injections every 2 weeks on the right side of the face with a concentration of 4 mg/ mL in group A and a concentration of 10 mg/mL in group B. The left side in both groups was treated twice daily with topical 4% HQ cream, and treatment continued for 12 weeks in both groups. Melasma Area and Severity Index (MASI) scores were measured for each side of the face at baseline and at weeks 4, 8, 12, and 24. SPSS, version 22, P <0.05, was used for data analysis. Results Forty-one patients (21 in group A and 20 in group B) completed the study. The MASI score in the 12th week significantly decreased compared to the baseline for group A, group B, and HQ cream. However, no statistically significant difference was observed between the MASI score of patients in groups A and B. Also, the comparison of TA at the concentration of 4 mg/ mL compared to the 4% HQ cream showed that the MASI scores in the eighth week ( P =0.02) and the 12th week ( P =0.02) were significantly less in the HQ group. However, no significant difference was observed between the MASI score changes in Group B (10 mg/mL) and the 4% HQ group. Also, patients in group A had higher satisfaction than patients in group B ( P =0.001). Conclusion Injection of TA intradermally can be an effective treatment for melasma.

Intradermal tranexamic acid in the treatment of melasma: A prospective study of 20 Moroccan cases

“…Despite several proposed therapeutic modalities of variable efficiency and tolerance, melasma remains a therapeutic challenge that evolves chronically and recurrently [3]. Some topical agents, such as hydroquinone, are limited by complications, including irritant dermatitis, allergic contact dermatitis, postinflammatory hyperpigmentation, and exogenous ochronosis [4].…”

“…No signifi cant difference between the two groups.Pazyar & al [13]. 49 Fortnightly 24 Hydroquinone No signifi cant difference between the two groups.…”

Comparison of efficacy of Tranexamic Acid Mesotherapy versus 0.9% normal Saline for Melasma; A split face study in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Karachi

“… 1 Different treatment modalities for melasma have been used in past including topical, oral medicine and interventional therapies. 8 In 1979, Nijo reported a case of a patient of chronic urticaria treated with TA, showed improvement in melasma on face. 9 After that many researches were done which showed the efficacy of TA for treatment of melasma in its oral, topical and intralesional forms.…”

Role of Oral Tranexamic Acid in Treating Patients of Melasma in A Charity Hospital of Lahore

“…It acts by competitively inhibiting the activation with its plasminogen activator through reversible interactions with its lysine binding sites. 1,2,3 It blocks interaction between melanocytes and keratinocytes. So by using either oral or topical tranexamic acid can decrease and reverse any melasma-related dermal changes, like reduction of redness and number of vessels.…”