&lt;p&gt;Clinical Profile of Covid-19 in Children, Review of Existing Literatures&lt;/p&gt;

Tiruneh, Firew

doi:10.2147/phmt.s266063

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Underlying chronic pulmonary disease, cardiovascular disease, immune-suppression, and obesity significantly contributed to the complications. [29] Based on the clinical presentation, the COVID 19 cases were subdivided into four categories for management purpose. Children having fever and other constitutional symptoms without fast breathing or radiological findings were categorized as mild illness group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Profile and Outcome of Children with COVID-19 Attending Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University

Haque¹,

Laila²,

Al-Mamun³

et al. 2021

AJP

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Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 is a global pandemic. Covid-19 has spread around Bangladesh and children are also being infected with comparatively fewer symptoms and lower case-fatality rates. Objectives: To assess the clinical profile, disease severity, presence of co-morbidities and outcome of pediatric COVID-19 patients. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in the fever clinic and the Department of Pediatrics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU). Data were collected from the confirmed cases by using a structured questionnaire by face to face interview and also over telephone at 1 st visit and at 2 nd and 8 th week of disease course. Collected data were analyzed using appropriate statistical tests. Result: Among 2091 suspected COVID 19 cases attending fever clinic and department of Pediatrics, 462 (22.09%) were real time polymerized chain reaction (RT PCR) COVID 19 positive. Of them 377 (81.60%) responded to the questionnaire and subsequent follow up. Highest numbers of cases were found in June 2020. More than 60% of cases were within the age group of 10 to 18 years and 3.44% were infants. Male: female ratio was 1.04:1. Associated co-morbid conditions were present in 21.48% patients. Fever was the most common (72.67%) clinical feature followed by others. Incidences of severe and critical illness were more in older children. Most of the moderate cases and all of the severe and critical COVID cases were managed in the inpatient department including Pediatric intensive care unit. Among them, 100% required oxygen therapy, 72.41% needed oral or IV steroids, 8.6% and 6.9% needed intravenous immunoglobulin and biological agents (Tocilizumab) respectively. Seventeen patients (4.5%) recovered with some complications. Conclusions: Among suspected cases 22% were RT-PCR positive. Majorities were in the older age group and most of the moderate and all the severe and critical cases also belonged to older age group. Most of the cases (94.42%) recovered without complication and 4.5% recovered with some complications. Mortality was 1.06%.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Profile and Outcome of Children with COVID-19 Attending Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University

Haque¹,

Laila²,

Al-Mamun³

et al. 2021

AJP

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“…Alterations in pulmonary CT have been observed in asymptomatic children or with mild manifestations. In newborn abnormal radiological findings were described in 48% but specific lesions were not as frequent as in older children; 4% had GGO, 20%, unilateral patchy infiltration and 12% bilateral involvement (23).…”

Section: Clinical Manifestationsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The chest X ray in children was abnormal up to 49.1% even some of them being asymptomatic (23). Pulmonary involvement in CT scan described by Simoni et al in a systematic review, which brought together 166 children, showed mostly bilateral infiltration, between 57 and 75%, and a peripheral distribution between 12.5 and 51.7% (24).…”

Section: Clinical Manifestationsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Initially during the pandemic, it was thought that children did not become seriously ill, however more evidence has accumulated showing that children may require intensive care by ∼2 to 6% (22). The age group at higher risk is infants <1 year, who may have severe disease in about 11% of them, compared to 3% of adolescents (22,23). However, COVID19 overall mortality in children is very low, <0.1% compared to 34% of fatality in people over 80.…”

Section: Covid 19mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emergent Pneumonia in Children

2021

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In recent decades there have been multiple pathogens, viruses and bacteria, which have emerged as causal agents of pneumonia affecting adults, albeit less frequently, to children. For the purposes of this article we have classified emerging pathogens as follows: True emerging, to pathogens identified for the very first time affecting human population (SARS-CoV-1, SARS-CoV-2, MERS-CoV, avian influenza, and hantavirus); Re-emerging, to known pathogens which circulation was controlled once, but they have reappeared (measles, tuberculosis, antimicrobial resistant bacteria such as CA-MRSA, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, and new serotypes of post-vaccine pneumococcal); and finally, those that we have called old known with new presentations, including common pathogens that, in particular condition, have changed their form of presentation (rhinovirus, and non-SARS coronavirus). We will review for each of them their epidemiology, forms of presentation, therapy, and prognosis in children compared to the adult with the aim of being able to recognize them to establish appropriate therapy, prognostics, and effective control measures.

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“…Previous studies have also elucidated the slightly higher incidence of COVID-19 in male children and increased susceptibility of infants to severe disease. 1,4 In a meta-analysis of 31 studies in hospitalized children, a cumulative mortality rate of 1.1% was reported. 5 The relatively higher rate of mortality in our study is partly due to the younger population; but other contributing factors, for which our dataset may not account for, need further and thorough investigation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%