<p>Antiviral and immunomodulatory effects of polyphenols on macrophages infected with dengue virus serotypes 2 and 3 enhanced or not with antibodies</p>

Abstract

Background: There is a lack of specific antiviral therapy against dengue virus (DENV) in current use. Therefore, a great proportion of dengue cases progress to severe clinical forms due to a complex interplay between virus and host immune response. It has been hypothesized that heterotypic non-neutralizing antibodies enhance DENV infection in phagocytic cells, and this induces an inflammatory response that is involved in the pathogenesis of severe dengue. Purpose: To identify the antiviral and immunomodulatory effects of polyphenols on dengue virus infection. Methods: Human U937-DC-SIGN macrophages were infected with DENV serotypes 2 or 3 in the presence or not of enhancing antibody 4G2. Viral titers and the secretion of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IL-6, IL-10 and interferon-alpha were analyzed timely. Results: DENV infection alone induced high production of IL-6 and TNF-α, but in the presence of 4G2 antibody, viral titers and TNF-α secretion were potentiated. Based on anti-inflammatory antecedents, the polyphenols curcumin, fisetin, resveratrol, apigenin, quercetin and rutin were tested for antiviral and immunomodulatory properties. Only quercetin and fisetin inhibited DENV-2 and DENV-3 infection in the absence or presence of enhancing antibody (>90%, p <0.001); they also inhibited TNF-α and IL-6 secretion ( p <0.001). Conclusion: Quercetin and fisetin down-regulate the production of proinflammatory cytokines induced by DENV infection enhanced by antibodies a mechanism involved in severe dengue.

Caffeic acid derivatives (CAFDs) as inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2: CAFDs-based functional foods as a potential alternative approach to combat COVID-19

“…Polyphenols possess various beneficial properties against viral diseases such as modulation of immune system ( Jasso-Miranda et al., 2019 ), inhibiting viral replication ( Lalani and Poh, 2020 ) and reduction of viral uptake by target membrane ( Vazquez-Calvo et al., 2017 ). CAFDs are polyphenolic compounds which possess prominent antiviral activity especially against hepatitis B virus (HBV) ( Zhang et al., 2014 ) and HIV ( Pluymers et al., 2000 ).…”

Natural and nature-inspired stilbenoids as antiviral agents

“…In 2019, Jasso-Miranda and coworkers studied a collection of polyphenols, including resveratrol, for their potential beneficial effects against dengue virus. Unfortunately, resveratrol did not exhibit antiviral activity for U937-DC-SIGN cells infected with DENV-2 and DENV-3, although showing low toxicity [64].…”

Correlations between Microbiota Bioactivity and Bioavailability of Functional Compounds: A Mini-Review

“…Some of these compounds, which are derived from exogenous sources (e.g., polyphenols) may improve the status of the microbiota and may reduce its oxidative stress [2]. Defined as non-nutrients, secondary plant metabolites, antioxidants, or bioactive substances in plants [3], polyphenols represent a class of compounds that has been studied not only because of their biological properties (such as immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory [4][5][6], cardioprotective [7,8], anti-diabetic and anti-obesity [9,10], anti-cancer [11][12][13], neuroprotective [14,15], anti-asthmatic [16,17], anti-hypertensive [18], anti-aging [8], hepatoprotective [19,20], antibacterial [21,22], anti-fungal, and antiviral [23,24]), but also because they are present in most types of diet. The main sources of polyphenols in the diet include fruits, vegetables, tea, and coffee, but they can also come from the administration of various food supplements.…”