<p>A new strategy for accurate targeted diagnosis and treatment of cutaneous malignant melanoma: dual-mode phase-change lipid nanodroplets as ultrasound contrast agents</p>

Abstract

Background Currently, effective detection and treatment of cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) still face severe challenges. Ultrasound molecular imaging as a noninvasive and easy-to-operate method is expected to bring improvements for tumor detection. Purpose The aim of this research is to prepare novel phase-change ultrasound contrast agents, Nds-IR780, which can perform not only dual-mode molecule-targeted imaging but also targeted photothermal therapy for CMM. Methods A double emulsion process was used to prepare the Nds-IR780. Then, the entrapment rate and drug loading of IR-780 iodide in Nds-IR780 were detected by high-performance liquid chromatography. The biocompatibility of Nds-IR780 was evaluated by a CCK-8 assay and the characteristics and stability of that were verified through the particle size analyzer, laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The abilities of dual-mode molecule-targeted imaging and targeted photothermal therapy for Nds-IR780 were confirmed via the in vitro and in vivo experiments. Results Nds-IR780 had good size distribution, polydispersity index, stability and biosafety. The in vitro and in vivo experiments confirmed that Nds-IR780 were capable of targeting CMM cells with high affinity (22.4±3.2%) and facilitating dual-mode imaging to detect the primary lesion and sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) of CMM. Furthermore, the photothermal ablation of CMM mediated by Nds-IR780 was very effective in vivo. Conclusion The newly prepared Nds-IR780 were observed to be effective targeted theranostic probe for the precise detection and targeted treatment of CMM.

Preparation of multifunctional nanobubbles and their application in bimodal imaging and targeted combination therapy of early pancreatic cancer

“…The experimental procedures were performed according to our previous experiments 24 , 38 . First, 2 μL of Dio (1.2 mg/mL) was added to 1 mL of SonoVue suspension to stain the microbubbles for 5 min.…”

“…The experimental procedures were performed according to our previous experiments 24 , 38 . The biosafety of IR780-NBs-DTX was examined via a Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay with pancreatic cancer Mia-Paca2 cells purchased from ATCC.…”

Recent Progress in Nanomedicine for Melanoma Theranostics With Emphasis on Combination Therapy

“…They demonstrated that the melanocyte-stimulating hormone conjugated AuNCs obtained a 300% imaging contrast enhance in melanoma tumor model when compared to that of the control nanocages ( Figure 2 ; Kim et al, 2010a ). Yang et al (2019) revealed a combination of dual-mode molecular-targeted ultrasound and NIR fluorescence imaging by a novel contrast agent named Nds-IR780 to precisely detect the primary lesions and sentinel lymph nodes (SLN) in cutaneous malignant melanoma. Moreover, Nds-IR780 could also serve as a theranostic probe for targeted therapy in cutaneous malignant melanoma ( Figure 1B ).…”

“…Based on the dual-mode probe with both fluorescence imaging and photothermal ability, cutaneous malignant melanoma was successfully ablated. Reproduced with permission ( Yang et al, 2019 ). Copyright 2019, Dove Medical Press Ltd.…”

Cetuximab-Conjugated Perfluorohexane/Gold Nanoparticles for Low Intensity Focused Ultrasound Diagnosis Ablation of Thyroid Cancer Treatment

“…Based on the targeted accumulation capacity of Au-PFH-NPs andC-Au-PFH-NPs in tumor cells, we explored the potential ofphase-changing nanoparticles to aid as US contrast to improve USIand treatment scratches [55][56][57]. Following the administration ofvarious medicines before LIFUS irradiation, even lower or anechoiccontrast improved US signals were observed in each group( Figure 6A).…”