&lt;I&gt;Lygus hesperus&lt;/I&gt; (Hemiptera: Miridae) Feeding on Cotton: New Methods and Parameters for Analysis of Nonsequential Electrical Penetration Graph Data

Backus, Elaine A.; Cline, Andrew R.; Ellerseick, M. R.; Serrano, Miguel S.

doi:10.1603/0013-8746(2007)100[296:lhhmfo]2.0.co;2

Cited by 163 publications

(138 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The number and total duration per insect (mean ± SE) of selected EPG variables were calculated using the SPSS statistical software package according to Backus et al (2007): NWEI number of waveform events per insect, which is the sum of the number of events of a particular waveform divided by the total number of insects under each treatment; and WDI, waveform duration (sec) per insect, which is the sum of durations of each event of a particular waveform made by each individual insect that produced that waveform divided by the number of insects that performed that particular waveform under each treatment. Statistical analyses of the data were conducted using the R software package.…”

Section: B Trigonica Performance In Potato and Tomato Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission of ‘Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum’ by Bactericera trigonica Hodkinson to vegetable hosts

Teresani

Hernández

Bertolini

et al. 2018

Span. j. agric. res.

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The bacterium 'Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum' is a recent plant pathogen of several crops in Solanaceae and Apiaceae and is associated with economically important diseases. The bacterium is a carrot seed borne pathogen that can also be transmitted from potato mother tubers and by psyllid vectors. The psyllid Bactericera trigonica Hodkinson was described carrying CaLso associated with vegetative disorders in carrot and celery crops in Spain and its competence to transmit this phloem-limited bacterium among vegetables is currently being investigated. Here electrical penetration graphs showed that B. trigonica fed in the phloem of carrot and celery and probed the phloem in potato, but not in tomato plants. The bacterium was efficiently transmitted to carrot and celery plants when either single B. trigonica or groups of ten fed on these species. An inoculation access period of 24 hours was sufficient for a single B. trigonica to transmit the bacterium to carrot (67.8%), celery (21.1%) and eventually to potato and tomato (6.0%). Higher transmission rates were obtained with 10 individuals on celery (100%), carrot (80%), potato (10%) and tomato (10%). Bactericera trigonica laid eggs, and the hatched nymphs develop into adult on carrot and celery, but not on potato and tomato. CaLso was detected in 20% of the eggs laid by females carrying the bacterium. The results confirmed that B. trigonica is a vector of the bacterium to carrot and celery, and it is discussed the potential role of this psyllid in the transmission of the pathogen to potato and tomato plants.Additional keywords: electrical penetration graph; haplotype E; psyllids; real-time PCR; transovarial passage.

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Section: B Trigonica Performance In Potato and Tomato Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission of ‘Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum’ by Bactericera trigonica Hodkinson to vegetable hosts

Teresani

Hernández

Bertolini

et al. 2018

Span. j. agric. res.

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“…The feeding mechanics of L. hesperus can be categorized as 'mechanical cell ruptureenhanced maceration' that involves stylet maceration of plant cells, injection of saliva, and ingestion of the salivacell content slurry (Backus et al 2007). Selection of oviposition sites by mirids typically is preceded by probing with the mouthparts (Cobben 1978;Wheeler 2001), and we have observed this behavior by L. hesperus (Williams, unpublished data).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

EAG-Active Herbivore-Induced Plant Volatiles Modify Behavioral Responses and Host Attack by An Egg Parasitoid

et al. 2008

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Volatiles emitted by plants in response to feeding by Lygus species were tested in neurophysiological, behavioral, and parasitism trials with Anaphes iole, an egg parasitoid of Lygus. Electroantennogram analyses indicated that A. iole antennae responded to most herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) tested and that females were usually more responsive than males. Antennal responses to (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate and methyl salicylate were among the strongest. Behavioral assays in a four-arm olfactometer demonstrated that response of female wasps to (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate varied greatly depending on preconditioning regime. Preconditioning wasps to complex host-plant odors led to stronger preference than did a single preconditioning stimulus, i.e., (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate. In a horizontal wind tunnel, female wasps were attracted by methyl salicylate and α-farnesene. Parasitism of Lygus lineolaris eggs by A. iole in a cotton field was greater when the eggs were associated with (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate or α-farnesene than with controls. Overall, the results of this study show that A. iole can perceive a variety of plant volatiles released after its host damages plants, that the degree of associative learning in A. iole can be manipulated based on preconditioning regime, and that single synthetic HIPVs are attractive to A. iole and can be used to increase attack rates on host eggs. Therefore, it appears that HIPVs have potential for use in suppression of Lygus population densities.

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“…Next, the proportion of individuals who produced a specific waveform type (PPW), the number of waveform events per insect, the waveform duration per insect (WDI), and the total waveform duration per event were calculated as described by Backus et al (2007).…”

Section: Electrical Penetration Graph Recordingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Selected EPG variables (mean ± SE) (listed in Supplementary material 1) were calculated using the SPSS statistical package. The following variables were calculated as described in Backus et al (2007): PPW, proportion of individuals that produced a specific waveform type; NWEI, number of waveform events per insect, that is the sum of the number of events of a particular waveform divided by the total number of insects under each treatment; NPI, number of probes per insect (the number of stylet insertions into the plan tissue regardless of the activity performed); WDI, total waveform duration (min) (TWD) per insect (that is the sum of durations of each event of a particular waveform) divided by the total number of insects under each treatment; and WDE, total waveform duration (min) per event (that is the sum of the duration of the events for a particular waveform) divided by the total number of events of that particular waveform under each treatment. We calculated also WDEI (mean waveform duration per event per insect) for the waveforms related to phloem activities (E1 and E2) because they are associated to the transmission of Lso.…”

Section: Quantification Of Bacterial Titre Inoculated By Males or Femmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…EPG waveforms previously described for psyllids were identified according to Pearson et al (2014) (Pearson et al, 2014) as follow: non-probing (NP), intercellular stylet pathway (C), salivation into phloem sieve elements (E1), phloem sap uptake from the sieve elements (E2) and active intake of xylem sap from xylem vessels (G). The following EPG parameters were calculated to describe pathway activity and phloem or xylem activity according to (Backus et al, 2007): probing duration per insect, PDI, is the amount of time an average insect has the stylet inserted; number of waveform events per insect, NWEI, is the sum of the number of events of a particular waveform divided by the total number of insects in each treatment; total waveform duration (min) per insect, WDI, is the sum of durations of each event of a particular waveform divided by the total number of insects in each treatment; and waveform duration per event by insect, WDEi, is the average duration of events of a given waveform by an insect in a cohort. The variable time from the first probe to the first E1 was calculated according to (Sarria et al, 2009).…”

Section: Epg Analysis Of Psyllid Probing Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vector mediated transmission of Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum and epidemiological consequences

Delgado¹,

Andrés²

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<I>Lygus hesperus</I> (Hemiptera: Miridae) Feeding on Cotton: New Methods and Parameters for Analysis of Nonsequential Electrical Penetration Graph Data

Cited by 163 publications

References 28 publications

Transmission of ‘Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum’ by Bactericera trigonica Hodkinson to vegetable hosts

Transmission of ‘Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum’ by Bactericera trigonica Hodkinson to vegetable hosts

EAG-Active Herbivore-Induced Plant Volatiles Modify Behavioral Responses and Host Attack by An Egg Parasitoid

Vector mediated transmission of Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum and epidemiological consequences

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