<i>LhMYB12</i>, Regulating Tepal Anthocyanin Pigmentation in Asiatic Hybrid Lilies, is Derived from <i>Lilium dauricum</i> and <i>L. bulbiferum</i>

Abstract

Genes encoding a MYB12 transcription factor, which regulates anthocyanin biosynthesis, are the key genes causing variations in the anthocyanin colors in lily flowers. However, the origin of the MYB12 in Asiatic hybrid lilies (Lilium spp.) is not completely known. In this study, we analyzed anthocyanin pigments in tepals of L. maculatum, L. lancifolium, L. callosum, L. leichtlinii, L. davidii, L. bulbiferum, and L. dauricum, and clarified that L. dauricum and L. bulbiferum accumulated a single anthocyanin, cyanidin 3-O-rutinoside, in entire tepals, although these wild species had orange-colored tepals. The sequencing of MYB12 genes revealed seven allelic sequences among ten L. dauricum plants and two allelic sequences in one L. bulbiferum plant. These MYB12 sequences were the same as or similar to the sequences isolated from pink Asiatic hybrid lily cultivars, indicating that L. dauricum and L. bulbiferum have contributed to the anthocyanin coloration of these cultivars.

Genetic Relationships Among Hirado azalea Cultivars and Their Putative Parents Inferred from Flavonoid 3', 5' Hydroxylase Gene Sequences

“…In lily hybrids, origin lily species were identified using nucleotide sequence alignments of the MYB12 gene that regulates anthocyanin accumulation in tepals. In lilies, Asiatic and Oriental inter-specific hybrid cultivar groups are differentiated with respect to polymorphisms of MYB12 (Yamagishi et al, 2014;Yamagishi and Nakatsuka, 2017). Similarly, we found that nucleotide sequence alignments of the F3'5'H gene of wild species and cultivars are different, resulting in F3'5'H gene polymorphisms.…”

Molecular determination and genetic modification of flower colour in Lilium spp

“…Anthocyanin biosynthesis in lilies is mainly regulated by the MYB12 transcription factor through activation of anthocyanin structural genes (Yamagishi and Nakatsuka, 2017). In this study, we analysed the potential functions of anthocyanin structural genes F3'H, DFR, ANS and transcription factor MYB12 in stimulating anthocyanin biosynthesis in lilies.…”

“…In the green tissue General Discussion like leaves, anthocyanin accumulation might have been masked by chlorophyll and variation in vacuolar pH during leaf development might cause the loss of anthocyanin contents (Wei et al, 2017). However in flower tissue, other MYB-like transcription factors such as MYB12 and MYB15 have been shown to induce anthocyanin accumulation in the Asiatic and Oriental hybrid lily tepals (Yamagishi and Nakatsuka, 2017;Yamagishi, 2016;2011). It was speculated whether the change of flower colour in transformed lily will remain stable, as demonstrated in the flowers of transformed N. benthamiana (Chapter 3).…”

“…Based on these results, it is suggested that MYB12 is a factor that influence the amounts of anthocyanin in 'Gran Tourismo' and 'Perth'. The importance of MYB12 in anthocyanin accumulation has been reported in several Oriental and Asiatic hybrid lilies (Lai et al, 2012;Yamagishi and Nakatsuka, 2017;Yamagishi, 2011;Yamagishi et al, 2014Yamagishi et al, , 2012, however, MYB15 has been recently discovered from Lilium regale, controlling anthocyanin pigmentation in the flower buds, leaves and bracts (Yamagishi 2016). MYB15 is also transcribed in 'Gran Tourismo' and 'Perth' tepals, which are distantly related to L. regale.…”

“…However, they only exist in purely white-flowered cultivars. Plant breeders have developed various flower colours in the Oriental and Asiatic hybrid lilies using interspecific hybridization (Barba-Gonzalez et al, 2004;Lim and van Tuyl, 2006;Yamagishi and Nakatsuka, 2017). A wide interspecific hybridization between L. longiflorum and other lilies from the Asiatic group resulted mainly in sterile F1-hybrids, thus hampering its breeding program (Karlov et al, 1999).…”