<i>In Vitro</i> study on α-amylase inhibitory activities of <i>Digitaria exilis, Pentadiplandra brazzeana </i>(Baill) and <i>Monodora myristica</i>.

Abstract

In the present study, the hot and cold aqueous extracts of Digitaria exilis and Pentadiplandra brazzeana (Baill) as well as the ethanolic extract of Monodora myristica were screened for their anti diabetic activity via inhibition of α-amylase. The root of Pentadiplandra brazzeana Baill and the grains of Acha (Digitaria exilis) were extracted by Soaking in hot and cold water while the seed of Monodora myristica was extracted using 70% ethanol. α-amylase was significantly inhibited by Digitaria exilis, Pentadiplandra brazzeana Baill and Monodora myristica. Results showed that the three plants can act as potent α-amylase inhibitor. The cold aqueous extract of Pentadiplandra brazzeana Baill showed the highest inhibition against pancreatic α-amylase among the plants studied with IC 50 value of 197.63±1.450 µg/ml while the ethanolic extract of Monodora myristica showed the least with IC 50 value of 408.17±2.945. α-amylase inhibitors from herbal sources offer an attractive therapeutic approach to the treatment of postprandial hyperglycemia by decreasing glucose release from starch and may have potential for use in the treatment/management of diabetes mellitus and obesity.

Amino acid composition and antioxidant properties of the enzymatic hydrolysate of calabash nutmeg ( Monodora myristica ) and its membrane ultrafiltration peptide fractions

“…The seed's flavor is similar to nutmeg, because of its characteristic flavor and color to foods, which thus makes it a popular spice in West African cuisine (Akinwunmi & Oyedapo, 2015). There have been various previous researches on the M. Myristica seeds which were mainly on its proximate composition, phytochemical nutrition, antimicrobial activity, short-term toxicological evaluation and bio-insecticidal properties of the oil extract; anti-inflammatory evaluation of the seeds as well as polypeptide profile, amino acid composition, and some functional properties of Calabash nutmeg (Ajayi, Ajibade, & Taiwo, 2013;Akinwunmi & Oyedapo, 2015;Akinyede, Girgih, et al, 2017;Akinyede, Malomo, Osundahunsi, Fagbemi, & Aluko, 2017;Ekeanyanwu, Ogu, & Nwachukwu, 2010;Okonji, Akinwunmi, Madu, Bamidele, & Funmilola, 2014). There has been dearth of information on the M. myristica seed protein hydrolysates, their amino acid composition and antioxidant properties.…”

Functional foods of sub‐Saharan Africa and their implications in the management of type 2 diabetes: A review

“…This enzyme helps convert starch and glycogen into glucose. Its inhibition is a useful method for controlling blood glucose by reducing glucose release and absorption (Okonji et al., 2015 ). In vitro inhibition of α‐amylase and α‐glucosidase was demonstrated by the essential oils from the seeds of A. melegueta and A. danielli .…”

Polypeptide Profile, Amino Acid Composition and Some Functional Properties of Calabash Nutmeg (Monodora myristica) Flour and Protein Products

“…Previous works on the M. myristica seeds were mainly on its phytochemical nutrition, antimicrobial activity, shortterm toxicological evaluation and bio-insecticidal properties of the oil extract as well as anti-inflammatory evaluation of the seeds [8][9][10][11][12][13]. However, there is scant information on the physicochemical and functional properties of the seed flour, protein isolates and protein fractions.…”