&lt;i&gt;In vitro&lt;/i&gt; screening of selected herbicides on rhizosphere mycoflora from yellow pepper (&lt;i&gt;Capsicum annum&lt;/i&gt; L var. Nsukka yellow) seedlings in Nsukka, Enugu state, Nigeria

Eze, Chukwuma Simon

doi:10.4314/gjpas.v21i2.3

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The results of this present experiment also indicated that application various herbicides evinced high potency on inhibiting growth of fungi. The inhibition of mycelial growth of rhizosphere and rhizoplane fungi by herbicides (Glyphosate, Paraquat, Atrazine and Linuron) applied was consistent with previous studies [64][65][66].…”

Section: Microbial Populationsupporting

confidence: 92%

Cumulative Impact of Herbicides and Tillage in Conservation Agriculture on Soil Microbiome, Fungal Diversity and Crop Productivity

Nthebere,

Prakash,

Bhimireddy

et al. 2024

Preprint

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In a diversified cropping system, the kinds of tillage methods and weed management practices significantly influence soil microbiome, which affects crop productivity. The synergetic impacts of such practices on soil microbiome in association with yield under diverse crop rotation with conservation agriculture (CA) have not been extensively explored thus far in Southern India. Thus, a CA experiment was undertaken to investigate the impact of tillage and weed management on soil microbiome and fungal diversity at 30 days after sowing (DAS) and tasseling stage (60 DAS) of maize (in the 8th crop cycle) and to monitor yield. Three tillage practices; T1:CT(C)-CT(M)-fallow(NSr), T2:CT(C)-ZT(M)-ZT(Sr) and T3:ZT(C) + SrR-ZT(M) + CR-ZT(Sr) + MS and weed control tactics involved; W1-Chemical weed control, W2-Herbicide rotation (in alternative year), W3- Integrated weed management (IWM) and W4-Single hand-weeded control were laid-out in split-plot design. Rhizosphere soil and rhizoplane samples were collected from the respective plots at 30 DAS after herbicides application and tasseling stage (60 DAS). Analysis for microbial population and fungal diversity, enzyme and microbial activities was done duly following standard procedures. The salient findings indicated; a decline in enzyme activities, microbial population, microbial activities at initial stages (30 DAS) due to impact of herbicides which later on increased by tasseling. These biological properties were higher under T3 and W4, followed by IWM except metabolic quotient (qCO2) which showed a decreasing trend relative to T1, T2 and W1, W2 at both sampling stages of maize. Kernel yield (KY) and System yield (SY) were enhanced by T3 and IWM, herbicides treated plots (W1 and W2) compared to T1, T2 and W4. Talaromyces flavus, a beneficially rhizosphere micro-inhabitant was identified under T3 in combination with IWM. Considering both crop productivity and soil biological assessment, T3 and IWM were considered the best treatment combinations among all others with SY (4453 kg ha− 1). These findings signify the importance of adopting reduced tillage (T3) and IWM to achieve sustainable biodiversity and food security. This will further help the farmers and the policy makers to deeply understand the effectiveness of developing sustainable and eco-friendly tillage practice and weed control strategy for improving soil health and bolstering sustained crop productivity.

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Section: Microbial Populationsupporting

confidence: 92%

Cumulative Impact of Herbicides and Tillage in Conservation Agriculture on Soil Microbiome, Fungal Diversity and Crop Productivity

Nthebere,

Prakash,

Bhimireddy

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The inhibition of fungal mycelial growth by herbicide application was consistent with the ndings of previous studies [102][103]. Similarly, Eze [104] reported that glyphosate, paraquat, atrazine and linuron were more effective at inhibiting the mycelial growth of all the rhizoplane fungi screened than was primextra.…”

Section: Microbial Populationsupporting

confidence: 89%

Cumulative Impact of Herbicides and Tillage on the Soil Microbiome, Fungal Diversity and Crop Productivity under Conservation Agriculture

Nthebere,

Tata,

Bhimireddy

et al. 2024

Preprint

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In a diversified cropping system, the tillage methods and weed management practices significantly influence the soil microbiome, which affects crop productivity. The synergetic impacts of such practices on the soil microbiome in association with yield under cotton–maize–Sesbania rostrata rotation with CA have not been extensively explored thus far in southern India. Therefore, a 4-year CA experiment was undertaken to investigate the impact of tillage and weed management on the soil microbiome and fungal diversity at 30 DAS and on the tasselling of maize and crop yield and to identify sustainable tillage and weed management practices that can provide nature-based solutions. The three tillage practices used were T1: CT(C)-CT(M)-fallow (NSr), T2: CT(C)-ZT(M)-ZT(Sr) and T3: ZT+R(C)-ZT+R(M)-ZT+R(Sr), and the following weed control tactics were used: W1-chemical weed control, W2-chemical (herbicide) rotation, W3- integrated weed management (IWM) and the W4-non-weeded control. Rhizosphere soil and rhizoplane samples were collected from the respective plots at 30 DAS after herbicide application and tasselling. Analysis of the microbial population and enzyme and microbial activities, viz., soil basal respiration (SBR), metabolic quotient (qCO2), microbial quotient (qMB), and soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC) and nitrogen (SMBN), was performed following standard procedures. rRNA gene sequencing of 18S rRNA was performed with rhizosphere soil and rhizoplane fungi isolated at tasselling. The yield was recorded at harvest. The salient findings indicated a decrease in enzyme activity, microbial population, and microbial activity at the initial stage (30 DAS) due to the impact of herbicides, which subsequently increased in response to tasselling, except for qCO2, which decreased. These biological properties were greater in the T3 treatment and nonweeded control followed by IWM, except for qCO2, which showed a decreasing trend relative to T1 and T2 and W1 and W2 at both sampling stages of maize. K yield (KY) and system yield (SY) were greater in the T3, IWM, and herbicide-treated plots (W1 and W2) than in the T1, T2 and nonweeded control plots. Talaromyces flavus, a beneficial rhizosphere soil inhabitant, was identified in T3 in combination with the IWM. Considering both crop productivity and soil biological assessment, T3 and IWM were considered the best treatment combinations among all the other treatments with SY (4453 kg ha-1). These findings signify the importance of adopting reduced tillage (T3) and IWM for farmers while striving for nature-based solutions.

show abstract

“…The inhibition of mycelial growth of fungi by herbicide application was consistent with previous studies [102][103]. Similarly, Eze [104] had found that Glyphosate, Paraquat, Atrazine and Linuron were more effective on inhibiting the mycelial growth of all the rhizoplane fungi screened than Primextra.…”

Section: Microbial Populationsupporting

confidence: 88%

Cumulative Impact of Herbicides and Tillage on Soil Microbiome, Fungal Diversity and Crop Productivity under Conservation Agriculture

Nthebere,

Tata,

Bhimireddy

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In a diversified cropping system, the kinds of tillage methods and weed management choices adopted exert a significant influence on soil microbiome which has a bearing on crop productivity. The synergetic impacts of such practices on soil microbiome in association with yield under cotton-maize-Sesbania rostrata rotation with CA have not been extensively explored thus far in Southern India. Therefore, a 4-years CA experiment was undertaken to investigate the impact of tillage and weed management on soil microbiome and fungal diversity at 30 DAS and tasselling of maize, crop yield and identify a sustainable tillage and weed management which can provide nature-based solution. Three tillage practices; T1:CT(C)-CT(M)-fallow (NSr), T2:CT(C)-ZT(M)-ZT(Sr) and T3:ZT + R(C)-ZT + R(M)-ZT + R(Sr) and weed control tactics involved; W1-chemical weed control, W2-chemical (herbicide) rotation, W3- integrated weed management (IWM) and W4-non-weeded control laid out in split-plot design. Rhizosphere soil and rhizoplane samples were collected from the respective plots at 30 DAS after herbicides application and tasselling. Analysis for microbial population, enzyme and microbial activities viz., soil basal respiration (SBR), metabolic quotient (qCO2), microbial quotient (qMB), soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC) and nitrogen (SMBN) was done duly following standard procedures. The rRNA gene sequencing with 18s was performed with rhizosphere soil and rhizoplane fungi isolated at tasselling. Yield was recorded at harvest. The salient findings indicated; a decline in enzyme activities, microbial population, microbial activities at initial stages (30 DAS) due to impact of herbicides which later on increased by tasseling except qCO2 which decreased. These biological properties were higher under T3 and non-weeded control followed by IWM except qCO2 which showed a decreasing trend relative to T1, T2 and W1, W2 at both sampling stages of maize. Kernel yield (KY) and System yield (SY) were enhanced by T3 and IWM, herbicides treated plots (W1 and W2) compared to T1, T2 and non-weeded control. Talaromyces flavus, beneficially rhizosphere soil inhabitant was identified in T3 in combination with IWM. Considering both crop productivity and soil biological assessment, T3 and IWM was considered as best treatment combination among all others with SY (4453 kg ha− 1). These findings signify the importance of adopting reduced tillage (T3) and IWM for the farmer while striving for Nature-based solution.

show abstract

<i>In vitro</i> screening of selected herbicides on rhizosphere mycoflora from yellow pepper (<i>Capsicum annum</i> L var. Nsukka yellow) seedlings in Nsukka, Enugu state, Nigeria

Cited by 4 publications

References 9 publications

Cumulative Impact of Herbicides and Tillage in Conservation Agriculture on Soil Microbiome, Fungal Diversity and Crop Productivity

Cumulative Impact of Herbicides and Tillage in Conservation Agriculture on Soil Microbiome, Fungal Diversity and Crop Productivity

Cumulative Impact of Herbicides and Tillage on the Soil Microbiome, Fungal Diversity and Crop Productivity under Conservation Agriculture

Cumulative Impact of Herbicides and Tillage on Soil Microbiome, Fungal Diversity and Crop Productivity under Conservation Agriculture

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