<i>In vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> analysis of the biodegradable behavior of a magnesium alloy for biomedical applications

Abstract

The present study was designed to investigate the biodegradation behavior of Mg alloy plates in the maxillofacial region. For in vitro analysis, the plates were immersed in saline solution and simulated body fluid. For in vivo, the plates were implanted into the tibia, head, back, abdominal cavity, and femur and assessed at 1, 2, and 4 weeks after implantation. After implantation, the plate volumes and the formed insoluble salt were measured via micro-computed tomography. SEM/EDX analysis of the insoluble salt and histological analysis of the surrounding tissues were performed. The volume loss of plates in the in vitro groups was higher than that in the in vivo groups. The volume loss was fastest in the abdomen, followed by the head, back, tibia, and femur. There were no statistically significant differences in the insoluble salt volume of the all implanted sites. The corrosion of the Mg alloy will be affected to the surrounding tissue responses. The material for the plate should be selected based on the characteristic that Mg alloys are decomposed relatively easily in the maxillofacial region.

In vitro and in vivo degradation assessment and preventive measures of biodegradable Mg alloys for biomedical applications

“…91 Surface morphology of the AZ31 alloy showed the formation of an insoluble Ca-P layer after 4 weeks of implantation which can further initiates bone formation. 76 The formation of the Ca-P layer was found on the implanted surface of AZ31 alloy after 60 days of implantation. 79 SEM and EDS analysis of ZEK100 alloys revealed a Ca-P rich surface layer with nuggets to needle-like structure on the implant surface after 9 and 12 months of implantations.…”

“…138 Sato et al, found many interconnected capillaries and granular fibrous tissues that help in the formation of collagen scar tissue that contains a lot of collagen fibres. 76 Histopathological analysis of the tissue of kidney and liver organs showed a normal structure and was not affected by leached Mg ions. 79 The histological analysis of the ZEK100 alloy showed structural alteration, formation of cavities and new bone formation after 9 months of implantation in the tibia of rabbits with no negative effects on animals.…”

“…Although Sato et al found no correlation between the blood flow in the existing tissue and corrosion rate. 76 The corrosion or degradation rate of the Mg alloy differed with different alloying elements or surface treatments and in many cases showed a slower corrosion rate than the in vitro corrosion rate. Radiograph of the AZ31 alloy implanted in femoral bone of rabbits showed complete degradation after 60 days after implantation.…”

The study on material surface on the effect of the Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound (LIPUS) for Osseointegration of the Hydroxyapatite coating dental implant

“…The simulation method using SBF soaking in this study is well known as a in vitro assay for evaluation of bone-bonding ability of biomaterials, and has been already used widely for the study regarding the osteoconductivity [18][19][20][21] . Therapeutic condition for LIPUS for osseointegrarion was still unclear.…”

Osteogenesis and degradation behavior of magnesium alloy plate in vivo

“…This has significantly improved the corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of magnesium and its alloys, so magnesium and its alloys have again attracted attention as biodegradable medical materials in recent years. [11][12][13][14][15] Previous studies have confirmed that magnesium alloys have good biocompatibility, may promote osteocyte growth, and induce production of osteoblasts and osteocytes. [16][17][18][19][20] However, the osteogenesis and degradation behavior of magnesium alloy plate in vivo is unknown.…”