<I>Glomus candidum</I>, a new species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi from North American grassland

Abstract

-A new species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, Glomus candidum is described. The species produces spores singly in the soil. Spores are white to very pale yellow, usually globose to subglobose, 87-157 μm diam. Spore wall consists of two adherent layers. The outer layer is hyaline, mucilaginous, and stains very pale pink in Melzer's reagent. This layer can be observed in young spores and often degrades at maturity. The inner layer is hyaline and laminated, but occasionally the innermost group of laminae are pigmented a pale yellow to give the impression of two separated layers.Resumen -Se describe una nueva especie de hongo formador de micorrizas arbusculares, Glomus candidum. La especie produce esporas libres en el suelo. Las esporas son blancas a amarillo muy pálido, usualmente globosas a subglobosas, 87-157 µm de diámetro. La pared de la espora consiste en dos capas adherentes. La capa externa a menudo se degrada con la madurez, es hialina, mucilaginosa, y se tiñe, sólo en las esporas jóvenes, de rosado muy pálido en reactivo de Melzer. La capa interna es hialina y laminada, pero a veces el grupo más interno de láminas aparece pigmentado de amarillo claro dando la impresión de dos capas separadas.

Purifying Selection and Persistent Polymorphism among Nuclei in the Multinucleate Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (AM) Fungi

“…Specifically, we demonstrate that the two C. candidum strains are highly similar with very few fixed differences and many polymorphic sites shared between them. This similarity is not surprising as the two strains were isolated in consecutive years from the same field site and it is likely that the two strains even originate from the same clonal lineage (Bever et al 1996;Furrazola et al 2010;Talukdar and Germida 2011). Furthermore, despite the known difficulty in species delineation within Claroideoglomus based on rDNA markers (Vankuren et al 2013;House et al 2016), the considerable number of fixed differences between C. claroideum and C. candidum support these being two different species.…”

“…These three strains are hereafter referred to as C. claroideum SA101, C. candidum NC172 and C. candidum CCK, respectively. All three strains were isolated from spores collected in the field and subsequently maintained in pot cultures since the early 1990s: The C. claroideum SA101 strain was isolated from a wheatfield in Saskatchewan, Canada (Talukdar and Germida 2011), while the two C. candidum strains were isolated in consecutive years from an old field (i.e., formerly cultivated but later abandoned) site outside Durham (NC, USA) (Bever et al 1996;Furrazola et al 2010).…”

A new order, Entrophosporales, and three new Entrophospora species in Glomeromycota

“…Spores of E. candida also have a halo when all spore wall layers are present ( Furrazola et al, 2010 ). However, according to the original description, spores of this species compared to those of E. glacialis are much lighter (white, rarely pale yellow) and 1.2- to 2.2-fold larger when globose, have only a two-layered and ∼ 1.4-fold thinner spore wall, as well as may have an up to 1.5-fold wider subtending hypha at the spore base.…”

Glomus crenatum (Glomeromycetes), a new ornamented species from Cuba

“…Among several recently described species of the genus Glomus (Błaszkowski et al 2009a(Błaszkowski et al ,b, 2010aCano et al 2009;Furrazola et al 2010) only few produce ornamented spores (Błaszkowski et al 2004, Hu 2002, Oehl et al 2003. In South and Central America few species with glomoid glomerospores have been described, such as Glomus brohultii Sieverd.…”