<i>Dolichos lablab</i> L. extracts as pharmanutrient for stress-related mucosal disease in rat stomach

Abstract

Gastric stress-related mucosal disease (SRMD) presented from superficial gastritis to deep ulceration consequent to insufficient perfusion, ischemia, and oxidative stress. Though pharmacologic interventions to optimize tissue perfusion or to enhance defensive mechanism are essential, limited clinical outcome necessitates strong acid suppressors or natural agents. Under the hypothesis that Dolichos lablab L. (NKM 23-1) can enhance defense against SRMD, water immersion restraint stress (WIRS) were imposed to rats and additional groups pretreated with differing doses of NKM 23-1 were monitored. On gross and microscopic evaluation, they significantly rescued SRMD ( p <0.01). The levels of inflammatory mediators such as IL-18, IL-1β, IL-8, iNOS, TNF-α, caspase-1, NOXs as well as MMPs accompanied with NF-κB p50 activation were all significantly increased in WIRS, but their levels were significantly decreased in Groups pretreated with NKM 23-1. WIRS significantly increased apoptosis, but significantly decreased with NKM 23-1 accompanied with significantly increased levels of cyclin D/E and HSP70/HSP27. Gastric mucin was significantly preserved in Groups pretreated with NKM 23-1, while depleted in WIRS, accompanied with increased expressions of Muc5A. Gastric levels of HO-1 and NQO1 were significantly increased in Group treated with NKM 23-1 with transcriptional activation of Nrf2. Conclusively, preemptive intake of NKM 23-1 significantly rescued SRMD.

Dietary intake of walnut prevented <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>-associated gastric cancer through rejuvenation of chronic atrophic gastritis

“…In clinic, the importance of either H. pylori eradication or their regulation impose significant impact on either gastric cancer prevention or gastric diseases amelioration, for which several kinds of intervention like natural products, probiotics, and more effective anti- H. pylori therapy are under active investigation. ( 68 – 71 ) In conclusion, walnut seems to be very effective and attractive because of well-acknowledgement as “pharmanutrient” against H. pylori infection. However, well-designed clinical trial should be followed.…”

Gastroprotective Mechanisms

“…Corroborating this information, the main antioxidants such as SOD, CAT, HO-1, gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase, and GSH-Px are regulated by Nrf-2 [109]. Thus, it is noteworthy that Nrf-2 mediated HO-1 induction has cytoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic activities providing a therapeutic target against SRMD [107].…”

“…In gastric injury, inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α, and the transcription factor NF-kB-p65 are present [70,71,94,106,107]. IL-1β and TNF-α are increased in ethanol-induced gastric ulcers [57].…”

Effect of melatonin on electrical impedance and biomarkers of damage in a gastric ischemia/reperfusion model

“…Gastric mucins and mucus layers are secreted from superficial and glandular mucus-producing cells and central peptides are characterized as MUC5AC (synthesized by surface foveolate cells) and MUC6 (synthesized by cells from the neck and glands). After synthesis, mucin accumulates in the form of granules and is then secreted by exocytosis [ 36 , 37 ]. It has been reported that 75% of critically ill patients present evidence of altered mucus production within 24 hours of admission to the intensive care unit [ 38 ].…”

“…It has been reported that 75% of critically ill patients present evidence of altered mucus production within 24 hours of admission to the intensive care unit [38]. The loss of mucus-producing cells in the superficial epithelium after stress-induced gastric damage [37] and gastric I/R has been previously reported [39]. Following treatment with MT, the regeneration of AB-positive cells in the foveolar was observed, as well as an increase in the production of neutral glycosaminoglycans, suggesting that the treatment reversed the damage allowing these cell types to maintain barrier function.…”