&lt;I&gt;Diabrotica virgifera virgifera&lt;/I&gt; (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Larval Feeding Behavior on Transgenic Maize (MON 863) and Its Isoline

Clark, Pete L.; Vaughn, Ty T.; Meinke, Lance J.; Molina-Ochoa, Jaime; Foster, John E.

doi:10.1603/0022-0493-99.3.722

Cited by 32 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…These CO 2 fluctuations become more complex in larger root systems (Pregitzer, Laskowski, Burton, Lessard, & Zak, 1998) as respiration rates differ between root parts. They tend to be higher in root tips and fine roots (Bidel, Renault, Pagès, & Rivière, 2001;Pregitzer et al, 1998), a preferential site for WCR larvae to initiate feeding (Clark, Vaughn, Meinke, Molina-Ochoa, & Foster, 2006). Investigating the establishment and fluctuations of CO 2 gradients through maize root respiration could greatly contribute to our understanding of WCR behaviour in relation to CO 2 levels in soil.…”

Section: Host Location: a Smell Of Rootmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result of all the previous steps, the larvae eventually start an intense feeding behaviour. After a few test bites, if the root is recognized as suitable, WCR immediately adopts a vigorous feeding behaviour (Clark et al, 2006). Blends of sugars are stimulating this behaviour (Bernklau & Bjostad, 2008;Branson, 1982).…”

Section: Feeding Behaviour: An Underground Feastmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Navigating on a chemical radar: Usage of root exudates by foragingDiabrotica virgifera virgiferalarvae

Schumann

Ladin

Beatens

et al. 2018

J Applied Entomology

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In the darkness of the soil matrix, the larva of the western corn rootworm (WCR) Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte relies on chemical cues to locate and accept its host plant roots. For almost 40 years, entomologists and chemical ecologists have tackled the challenge of isolating and identifying active chemical compounds emitted by host plant roots (most of the research has been conducted on maize Zea mays L.) and used by the foraging insect pest larvae. A number of molecules of interest have been documented but have so far only been implemented with little success in the current arms race to manage WCR (and soil‐dwelling pests). An in‐depth understanding of the mechanisms underlying the insect foraging behaviour is certainly critical to the development of highly effective and sustainable pest control strategies. This contribution reviews the progress and highlights the gaps in our current knowledge on the chemical ecology of WCR larvae. An individual‐based model of the larval behaviour in response to root volatiles has been developed based on data from the literature. It also proposes avenues (tested or theoretical) to eventually implement this knowledge in integrated pest management of this major maize pest, a critical approach as WCR has evolved resistance to several control strategies.

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Section: Host Location: a Smell Of Rootmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Feeding Behaviour: An Underground Feastmentioning

confidence: 99%

Navigating on a chemical radar: Usage of root exudates by foragingDiabrotica virgifera virgiferalarvae

Schumann

Ladin

Beatens

et al. 2018

J Applied Entomology

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Impact of Cry3Bb1‐expressing Bt maize on adults of the western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Meissle

Hellmich

Romeis

2011

Pest Management Science

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Genetically engineered maize producing insecticidal Cry3Bb1 protein from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is protected from root damage by corn rootworm larvae. An examination was made to establish whether western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera) adults are affected by Cry3Bb1-expressing maize (MON88017) when feeding on above-ground tissue. In laboratory bioassays, adult D. v. virgifera were fed for 7 weeks with silk, leaves or pollen from Bt maize or the corresponding near-isoline. Male, but not female, survival was reduced in the Bt-leaf treatment compared with the control. Female weight was lower when fed Bt maize, and egg production was reduced in the Bt-silk treatment. ELISA measurements demonstrated that beetles feeding on silk were exposed to higher Cry3Bb1 concentrations than beetles collected from Bt-maize fields in the United States. In contrast to silk and pollen, feeding on leaves resulted in high mortality and low fecundity. Females feeding on pollen produced more eggs than on silk. C:N ratios indicated that silk does not provide enough nitrogen for optimal egg production. Direct effects of Cry3Bb1 on adult beetles could explain the observed effects, but varietal differences between Bt and control maize are also possible. The impact of Bt maize on adult populations, however, is likely to be limited. KeywordsBacillus thuringiensis, feeding bioassay, insecticidal protein, ELISA, C:N ratio, nutritional quality, Zea mays, genetically modified organisms RESULTS: In laboratory bioassays, adult D. v. virgifera were fed for 7 weeks with silk, leaves or pollen from Bt maize or the corresponding near-isoline. Male, but not female, survival was reduced in the Bt-leaf treatment compared with the control. Female weight was lower when fed Bt maize, and egg production was reduced in the Bt-silk treatment. ELISA measurements demonstrated that beetles feeding on silk were exposed to higher Cry3Bb1 concentrations than beetles collected from Bt-maize fields in the United States. In contrast to silk and pollen, feeding on leaves resulted in high mortality and low fecundity. Females feeding on pollen produced more eggs than on silk. C : N ratios indicated that silk does not provide enough nitrogen for optimal egg production. CONCLUSIONS: Direct effects of Cry3Bb1 on adult beetles could explain the observed effects, but varietal differences betweenBt and control maize are also possible. The impact of Bt maize on adult populations, however, is likely to be limited.

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The role of carbon dioxide as an orientation cue for western corn rootworm larvae within the maize root system: implications for an attract‐and‐kill approach

Schumann

Patel

Vemmer

et al. 2013

Pest Management Science

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CO2 is a weak attractant for western corn rootworm larvae within the root system. Consequently, an attract-and-kill strategy based on a CO2 product will not contribute to better control compared with conventional Tefluthrin applications. Host-specific compounds, combined with a CO2 source, should be used to target more larvae, making attract and kill a feasible management option against this pest.

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<I>Diabrotica virgifera virgifera</I> (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Larval Feeding Behavior on Transgenic Maize (MON 863) and Its Isoline

Cited by 32 publications

References 16 publications

Navigating on a chemical radar: Usage of root exudates by foragingDiabrotica virgifera virgiferalarvae

Navigating on a chemical radar: Usage of root exudates by foragingDiabrotica virgifera virgiferalarvae

Impact of Cry3Bb1‐expressing Bt maize on adults of the western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

The role of carbon dioxide as an orientation cue for western corn rootworm larvae within the maize root system: implications for an attract‐and‐kill approach

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