<i>Contracaecum<i> spp. (NEMATODA: ANISAKIDAE) AND <i>Eustrongylides<i> spp. (NEMATODA: DIOCTOPHYMATIDAE) NEMATODE LARVAE WITH ZOONOTIC POTENCIAL FOUND IN TWO FISH SPECIES FROM TRAMANDAÍ RIVER BASIN, SOUTHERN BRAZIL

Abstract

Parasitic nematodes can infect both wild and cultivated fish species and may be the source of many diseases. The consumption of raw fish meat in many countries has been the responsible of nematode related zoonosis. Knowing the risk of consumption of contaminated fish by the local communities, the main goal of this paper is to quantify and report the presence of larvae with zoonotic potential of Contracaecum spp. and Eustrongylides spp. found in two exotic fish species from the Tramandaí River Basin in southern Brazil. The sample sites were two lagoons of the basin, the Itapeva lagoon and Palmital lagoon, sampled in the period of April 2018. Forty specimens of Acestrorhynchus pantaneiro and twenty specimens of Trachelyopterus lucenai were examined. A. pantaneiro presented a 58% and 4% prevalence and a mean intensity of 3.17 and 1 for Contracaecum spp. and Eustrongylides spp., respectively. Meanwhile T. lucenai presented a prevalence of 70% and 5% and a mean intensity of 1.92 and 1 of Contracaecum spp. larvae and Eustrongylides spp. larvae, respectively. Although larvae of Contracaeucum spp. are reported only in the literature in experimental infections, they were able to complete their biological cycle in some mammals with certain pathogeneses. However, larvae of Eustrongylides spp. infect humans, as reported in the literature, causing severe damage to the intestinal tract. Knowing that local populations may be at risk, we recommend that all prophylactic measures be taken in relation to fish consumption. This study also contributes to the knowledge concerning the parasitic fauna of the host species studied.

Molecular characterization of zoonotic anisakid Contracaecum spp. larvae in some fish species from Lake Nasser, Egypt

“…Additionally, the parasite's Younis et al (2017). Contracaecum third larval stage prevalence may be more or lower than in previous studies, which could be attributed to changes in the environment's biotic and abiotic elements during the time of these investigations (Lima et al, 2019).…”

“…These macroscopic parasites have high prevalence and high mean intensities in the examined fish species which reduce the marketability of infected fish and lead to serious economic losses as reported by Ezzat et al (2012); Hamouda and Abd Alkareem (2021); Sorour and Hamouda (2019); Younis et al (2017). Contracaecum third larval stage prevalence may be more or lower than in previous studies, which could be attributed to changes in the environment's biotic and abiotic elements during the time of these investigations (Lima et al, 2019).…”

The Influence of Contracaecum larvae (Nematoda, Anisakidae) Parasitism on the Population of Prussian carp (Carassius gibelio) in Lake Sakadaš, Croatia

“…Some of the main morphological characteristics used for the identification of nematode larvae included the presence of a larval (cephalic) tooth located in-between two, out of a total of three, underdeveloped lips (two ventrolateral and one dorsal lip), along with an excretory pore situated at the base of the lips. Gastrointestinal elements included a short ventriculus, followed by a longer ventricular appendix and an intestinal caecum located anteriorly, ending proximately to the nerve ring [ 5 , 84 ]. Similar characteristics, including length and width of the larvae, the distance between anus and the tail tip (including tail tip morphology), and the position of the nerve ring, were used to determine the type of larvae, according to Cannon [ 85 ].…”

Assessments and Identification of Selected Fish-Borne Zoonotic Parasites in Nile Tilapia and African Catfish Species in Lakes of Haramaya District, Ethiopia

“…Nematodes of the Anisakidae family have the ability to infest a wide variety of aquatic hosts during the development of their larval stages. The consumption of raw or undercooked fish favors the acquisition of the disease known as anisakidosis [16,56] and clinostomiasis [20,24]. The economic impact of FBZP is significant and is linked to losses in aquaculture industries due to reduced fish productivity, as well as to restrictions on exports and reduced consumer demand [20,55].…”