<i>Chamaecyparis obtusa</i> Essential Oil Inhibits House Dust Mite Induced Nasal Epithelial Cell Activation and Immune Responses

Abstract

IntroductionAllergic rhinitis AR is one of the most common airway diseases associated with high social and economic burden. AR is characterized by the upregulation of Th2 cells and an increased production of their immune mediators 1, 2 . Nasal epithelial cell derived cytokines, such as interleukin IL -25, IL-33, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin TSLP , are critical regulators of Th2 immune responses. These cytokines are involved in the activation of innate lymphoid cells to produce effector type 2 cytokines 3,4 . IL-25 belongs to the IL-17 cytokine family, which initiates eosinophil infiltration or Th2 cytokine production, and is associated with the level of extracellular matrix and tissue fibrosis 5 . IL-33 is a member of the IL-1 cytokine family, which play a vital role in the development of eosinophilia, airway hyperresponsiveness, and tissue remodeling 6 . TSLP belongs to the IL-7

The Precious Potential of the Sacred Tree Chamaecyparis obtusa (Siebold & Zucc.) Endl. as a Source of Secondary Metabolites with Broad Biological Applications

“…In addition, some fractions of the oil suppressed the β-hexosaminidase secretion, which is characteristic of the development of an allergic reaction, and inhibited calcium influx, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and phosphorylation of ERK in rat basophilic leukemia cell line (RBL2H3) [ 103 ]. Furthermore, the oil reduced cytokine production in Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farina and stimulated human primary nasal epithelial cells (HNECs) [ 104 ].…”

How to Naturally Support the Immune System in Inflammation—Essential Oils as Immune Boosters

“…Thus, it may affect innate and adaptive immune responses involved in the inflammation process. It is noteworthy that a concentration of essential oil lower than 0.1% did not affect the viability of nasal epithelial cells treated with allergens related to the development of airway allergic inflammation, and according to some authors, plain oil extracted from C. obtusa was approximately 10 times more toxic to nasal epithelial cells than its microencapsulated form [ 59 ].…”