&lt;em&gt;Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii, &lt;/em&gt;a Reference Organism to Study Algal-Microbial Interactions. &lt;em&gt;Why Can’t They Be Friends&lt;/em&gt;

Calatrava, Victoria; Tejada-Jimenez, Manuel; Sanz-Luque, Emanuel; Fernández, Emilio; Galván, Aurora; Llamas, Ángel

doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0223.v1

2023

DOI: 10.20944/preprints202301.0223.v1

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<em>Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii, </em>a Reference Organism to Study Algal-Microbial Interactions. <em>Why Can’t They Be Friends</em>

Victoria Calatrava¹,

Manuel Tejada-Jimenez²,

Emanuel Sanz-Luque³

et al.

Abstract: The stability and harmony of ecological niches rely on intricated interactions between their members. During evolution, organisms have developed the ability to thrive in different environments taking advantage of each other’s metabolic symphonies. Among them, microalgae are a highly diverse and widely distributed group of major primary producers whose interactions with other organisms play essential roles in their habitats. Understanding the basis of these interactions is crucial to control and explo… Show more

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Cited by 6 publications

References 128 publications

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The Microalgae Chlamydomonas for Bioremediation and Bioproduct Production

Bellido-Pedraza,

Torres,

Llamas

2024

Cells

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The extensive metabolic diversity of microalgae, coupled with their rapid growth rates and cost-effective production, position these organisms as highly promising resources for a wide range of biotechnological applications. These characteristics allow microalgae to address crucial needs in the agricultural, medical, and industrial sectors. Microalgae are proving to be valuable in various fields, including the remediation of diverse wastewater types, the production of biofuels and biofertilizers, and the extraction of various products from their biomass. For decades, the microalga Chlamydomonas has been widely used as a fundamental research model organism in various areas such as photosynthesis, respiration, sulfur and phosphorus metabolism, nitrogen metabolism, and flagella synthesis, among others. However, in recent years, the potential of Chlamydomonas as a biotechnological tool for bioremediation, biofertilization, biomass, and bioproducts production has been increasingly recognized. Bioremediation of wastewater using Chlamydomonas presents significant potential for sustainable reduction in contaminants and facilitates resource recovery and valorization of microalgal biomass, offering important economic benefits. Chlamydomonas has also established itself as a platform for the production of a wide variety of biotechnologically interesting products, such as different types of biofuels, and high-value-added products. The aim of this review is to achieve a comprehensive understanding of the potential of Chlamydomonas in these aspects, and to explore their interrelationship, which would offer significant environmental and biotechnological advantages.

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The Microalgae Chlamydomonas for Bioremediation and Bioproduct Production

Bellido-Pedraza,

Torres,

Llamas

2024

Cells

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Applications of the Microalgae Chlamydomonas and Its Bacterial Consortia in Detoxification and Bioproduction

Torres,

Bellido-Pedraza,

Llamas

2024

Life

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The wide metabolic diversity of microalgae, their fast growth rates, and low-cost production make these organisms highly promising resources for a variety of biotechnological applications, addressing critical needs in industry, agriculture, and medicine. The use of microalgae in consortia with bacteria is proving valuable in several areas of biotechnology, including the treatment of various types of wastewater, the production of biofertilizers, and the extraction of various products from their biomass. The monoculture of the microalga Chlamydomonas has been a prominent research model for many years and has been extensively used in the study of photosynthesis, sulphur and phosphorus metabolism, nitrogen metabolism, respiration, and flagellar synthesis, among others. Recent research has increasingly recognised the potential of Chlamydomonas–bacteria consortia as a biotechnological tool for various applications. The detoxification of wastewater using Chlamydomonas and its bacterial consortia offers significant potential for sustainable reduction of contaminants, while facilitating resource recovery and the valorisation of microalgal biomass. The use of Chlamydomonas and its bacterial consortia as biofertilizers can offer several benefits, such as increasing crop yields, protecting crops, maintaining soil fertility and stability, contributing to CO2 mitigation, and contributing to sustainable agricultural practises. Chlamydomonas–bacterial consortia play an important role in the production of high-value products, particularly in the production of biofuels and the enhancement of H2 production. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the potential of Chlamydomonas monoculture and its bacterial consortia to identify current applications and to propose new research and development directions to maximise their potential.

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Chlamydomonas reinhardtii—A Reference Microorganism for Eukaryotic Molybdenum Metabolism

Tejada-Jimenez,

Leon-Miranda,

Llamas

2023

Microorganisms

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Molybdenum (Mo) is vital for the activity of a small but essential group of enzymes called molybdoenzymes. So far, specifically five molybdoenzymes have been discovered in eukaryotes: nitrate reductase, sulfite oxidase, xanthine dehydrogenase, aldehyde oxidase, and mARC. In order to become biologically active, Mo must be chelated to a pterin, forming the so-called Mo cofactor (Moco). Deficiency or mutation in any of the genes involved in Moco biosynthesis results in the simultaneous loss of activity of all molybdoenzymes, fully or partially preventing the normal development of the affected organism. To prevent this, the different mechanisms involved in Mo homeostasis must be finely regulated. Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is a unicellular, photosynthetic, eukaryotic microalga that has produced fundamental advances in key steps of Mo homeostasis over the last 30 years, which have been extrapolated to higher organisms, both plants and animals. These advances include the identification of the first two molybdate transporters in eukaryotes (MOT1 and MOT2), the characterization of key genes in Moco biosynthesis, the identification of the first enzyme that protects and transfers Moco (MCP1), the first characterization of mARC in plants, and the discovery of the crucial role of the nitrate reductase–mARC complex in plant nitric oxide production. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the progress achieved in using C. reinhardtii as a model organism in Mo homeostasis and to propose how this microalga can continue improving with the advancements in this field in the future.

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<em>Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii, </em>a Reference Organism to Study Algal-Microbial Interactions. <em>Why Can’t They Be Friends</em>

Cited by 6 publications

References 128 publications

The Microalgae Chlamydomonas for Bioremediation and Bioproduct Production

The Microalgae Chlamydomonas for Bioremediation and Bioproduct Production

Applications of the Microalgae Chlamydomonas and Its Bacterial Consortia in Detoxification and Bioproduction

Chlamydomonas reinhardtii—A Reference Microorganism for Eukaryotic Molybdenum Metabolism

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