<em>ANLN </em>functions as a key candidate gene in cervical cancer as determined by integrated bioinformatic analysis

Abstract

BackgroundCervical cancer, one of the leading causes of female deaths, remains a top cause of mortality in gynecologic oncology and tends to affect younger individuals. However, the pathogenesis of cervical cancer is still far from clear. Given the high incidence and mortality of cervical cancer, uncovering the causes and pathogenesis as well as identifying novel biomarkers are of great significance and are desperately needed.Materials and methodsFirst, raw data were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The Robuse Multi-Array Average algorithm and combat function of the sva package were subsequently applied to preprocess and remove batch effects. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) analyzed with the limma package were followed by gene ontology and pathway analysis, and a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network based on the STRING website and the Cytoscape software was constructed. Weighted Correlation Network Analysis (WGCNA) was utilized to build the coexpression network. Subsequently, UALCAN websites were employed to conduct survival analysis. Finally, the oncomine database was used to validate the expression of ANLN in other datasets.ResultsGSE29570 and GSE89657, including 49 cervical cancer tissues and 20 normal cervical tissues, were screened as the datasets. Three-hundred-twenty-four DEGs were identified and, among them, 123 were upregulated, while 201 were downregulated. The DEGs PPI network complex, contained 305 nodes and 4,962 edges, and 8 clusters were calculated according to k-core =2. Among them, cluster 1, which had 65 nodes and 1,780 edges, had the highest score in these clusters. In coexpression analysis, there were 86 hubgenes from the Brown modules that were chosen for further analysis. Sixty-one key genes were identified as the intersecting genes of the Brown module of WGCNA and DEGs. In survival analysis, only ANLN was a prognostic factor, and the survival was significantly better in the low-expression ANLN group.ConclusionOur study suggested that ANLN may be a potential tumor oncogene and could serve as a biomarker for predicting the prognosis of cervical cancer patients.

ANLN promotes carcinogenesis in oral cancer by regulating PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway

“…This data further supports that ANLN is associated with poor prognosis in cancer patients and enlarges the list of cancers affected by ANLN. Based on the public data, ANLN could promote cell proliferation and growth in cancer and increase the ability of cell migration and invasion [2][3][4][5][6][7]. Our data was consistent with the previous study and for rst time, we disclosed the secret of ANLN in oral cancer.…”

“…Overexpression of ANLN was found in pancreatic cancer but reduction of ANLN by microRNA inhibited cell aggressiveness ability [5,6]. In cervical cancer, bioinformatics analysis demonstrated that ANLN might be a candidate biomarker for evaluation of survival [7]. Meanwhile, ANLN awarded chemotherapy resistance ability to breast cancer and reduced the effectiveness of Doxorubicin or Anthracycline [8,9].…”

ANLN-induced EZH2 upregulation promotes pancreatic cancer progression by mediating miR-218-5p/LASP1 signaling axis

“…Thus, ANLN may be a useful prognostic indicator and an important therapeutic target in the treatment of pancreatic cancer. Previous studies have shown that ANLN is upregulated in many cancers and may serve as a promising prognostic biomarker for cancer [13][14][15][16][17][18]. For example, ANLN was upregulated in bladder urothelial carcinoma, and elevated ANLN expression was correlated with poor progression-free and recurrence-free survival [16].…”

“…In normal tissues, ANLN expression is higher in the placenta, brain and testis, and lower in the lung, heart, liver and spleen [8]. Many recent studies suggests that ANLN is upregulated in numerous cancer types, including cervical cancer, prostate cancer, anaplastic thyroid carcinoma, breast cancer, lung carcinogenesis, bladder urothelial carcinoma, pancreatic cancer and nasopharyngeal carcinoma [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Functionally, increasing evidence has indicated that ANLN is critical for growth and metastasis of cancer cells.…”

A bioinformatics study of autophagy biomarkers associated with the prognosis of endometrial carcinoma

“…In recent years, based on the rapid development of high-throughput sequencing technology and increasingly complete public databases, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database has collected a large number of clinical, pathological, and biological data from patients with malignancies [11,12]. Through comprehensive bioinformatic analysis, we can study the mechanism of tumors in-depth and more accurately predict development trends, providing reliable research direction for treatment options [13,14]. The prognostic evaluation of cancer patients is of great significance in guiding clinical treatment and elucidating the mechanism of tumorigenesis [15].…”